The article "Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: The Promising Horizon of Zein Nanosystems" by Subham Preetam et al. highlights the potential of zein nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer therapy. Zein, a protein derived from maize, has gained significant attention due to its natural hydrophilicity, ease of functionalization, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These properties make zein NPs promising candidates for precision drug delivery and gene therapy in cancer treatment. The review discusses the clinical significance of applying zein nanosystems for cancer theragnostic, including their role in drug delivery, anticancer agents, and gene therapy. Zein NPs are particularly advantageous for targeted drug delivery due to their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enhance drug solubility and dissolution, and regulate drug release. They also offer enhanced targeting capabilities by attaching specific ligands to their surface, allowing for the direct attack on cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. The article covers the synthesis, structure, and characterization of zein NPs, emphasizing their unique characteristics such as particle size, polydispersity index, and encapsulation efficiency. It also explores various methods for preparing zein NPs, including electrospraying, electrodynamic atomization, and associative phase separation. The influence of temperature and pH on the structural and functional properties of zein is discussed, highlighting the importance of these factors in maintaining the stability and efficacy of the nanoparticles. The review further delves into the application of zein NPs in gene therapy, noting their nonviral nature and controlled release properties. Zein NPs have been successfully used to deliver genetic material to specific cells, offering a safer alternative to viral vectors and enabling personalized medicine for various genetic disorders. Finally, the article addresses the challenges and potential uses of zein NPs in cancer treatment and detection, including the need for further research on scalability, long-term stability, and precise control of drug release rates. The authors conclude that zein nanosystems hold the potential to revolutionize drug delivery and gene therapy, providing more effective, safer, and personalized treatment options for cancer and other diseases.The article "Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: The Promising Horizon of Zein Nanosystems" by Subham Preetam et al. highlights the potential of zein nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer therapy. Zein, a protein derived from maize, has gained significant attention due to its natural hydrophilicity, ease of functionalization, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These properties make zein NPs promising candidates for precision drug delivery and gene therapy in cancer treatment. The review discusses the clinical significance of applying zein nanosystems for cancer theragnostic, including their role in drug delivery, anticancer agents, and gene therapy. Zein NPs are particularly advantageous for targeted drug delivery due to their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enhance drug solubility and dissolution, and regulate drug release. They also offer enhanced targeting capabilities by attaching specific ligands to their surface, allowing for the direct attack on cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. The article covers the synthesis, structure, and characterization of zein NPs, emphasizing their unique characteristics such as particle size, polydispersity index, and encapsulation efficiency. It also explores various methods for preparing zein NPs, including electrospraying, electrodynamic atomization, and associative phase separation. The influence of temperature and pH on the structural and functional properties of zein is discussed, highlighting the importance of these factors in maintaining the stability and efficacy of the nanoparticles. The review further delves into the application of zein NPs in gene therapy, noting their nonviral nature and controlled release properties. Zein NPs have been successfully used to deliver genetic material to specific cells, offering a safer alternative to viral vectors and enabling personalized medicine for various genetic disorders. Finally, the article addresses the challenges and potential uses of zein NPs in cancer treatment and detection, including the need for further research on scalability, long-term stability, and precise control of drug release rates. The authors conclude that zein nanosystems hold the potential to revolutionize drug delivery and gene therapy, providing more effective, safer, and personalized treatment options for cancer and other diseases.