Rhizopus stolonifer is a major postharvest pathogen affecting over 100 types of fruits, including strawberries, tomatoes, and melons. This review summarizes the morphology, pathogenicity, and infection mechanisms of R. stolonifer, as well as control strategies in three dimensions: physical, chemical, and biological. R. stolonifer spores are widely distributed and can spread through air, causing decay in fruits like strawberries, tomatoes, and sweet potatoes. The spores germinate and produce enzymes that break down cell walls, leading to soft rot. Control methods include physical treatments like irradiation, heat, and ozone; chemical treatments such as fungicides, calcium chloride, and peracetic acid; and biological methods like chitosan, tea polyphenols, and microbial antagonists. While chemical methods are effective, they can lead to resistance and environmental concerns. Biological control methods are safer but require further research for practical application. Future research should focus on understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and developing new composite technologies for effective control. The review highlights the need for safer, more sustainable control strategies to reduce postharvest losses caused by R. stolonifer.Rhizopus stolonifer is a major postharvest pathogen affecting over 100 types of fruits, including strawberries, tomatoes, and melons. This review summarizes the morphology, pathogenicity, and infection mechanisms of R. stolonifer, as well as control strategies in three dimensions: physical, chemical, and biological. R. stolonifer spores are widely distributed and can spread through air, causing decay in fruits like strawberries, tomatoes, and sweet potatoes. The spores germinate and produce enzymes that break down cell walls, leading to soft rot. Control methods include physical treatments like irradiation, heat, and ozone; chemical treatments such as fungicides, calcium chloride, and peracetic acid; and biological methods like chitosan, tea polyphenols, and microbial antagonists. While chemical methods are effective, they can lead to resistance and environmental concerns. Biological control methods are safer but require further research for practical application. Future research should focus on understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and developing new composite technologies for effective control. The review highlights the need for safer, more sustainable control strategies to reduce postharvest losses caused by R. stolonifer.