The article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and advancements in aqueous batteries (ABs), which are environmentally friendly, safe, and cost-effective alternatives to traditional organic media-based batteries. The authors highlight the limitations of ABs, such as limited output voltage and energy density, and discuss the potential interactions between different AB systems. They emphasize the importance of advanced material design and practical applications in addressing these challenges. The review covers various types of ABs, including metal-ion and non-metal-ion systems, and explores strategies to improve their performance, such as overpotential control, electrode design, and the use of electrolyte additives. The article also discusses specific issues like dendrite growth, corrosion, and side reactions, and presents a roadmap for the commercialization of next-generation reliable ABs.The article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and advancements in aqueous batteries (ABs), which are environmentally friendly, safe, and cost-effective alternatives to traditional organic media-based batteries. The authors highlight the limitations of ABs, such as limited output voltage and energy density, and discuss the potential interactions between different AB systems. They emphasize the importance of advanced material design and practical applications in addressing these challenges. The review covers various types of ABs, including metal-ion and non-metal-ion systems, and explores strategies to improve their performance, such as overpotential control, electrode design, and the use of electrolyte additives. The article also discusses specific issues like dendrite growth, corrosion, and side reactions, and presents a roadmap for the commercialization of next-generation reliable ABs.