Accepted: 12 January 2024 / Published online: 22 January 2024 | Donato Romano, Cesare Stefanini
This study investigates whether gregarious *Locusta migratoria* can use social information provided by robotic demonstrators to optimize their predator avoidance behavior. Robotic demonstrators with different silhouettes and colors (biomimetic or neutral) were used to observe if their rotation on a rod (representing a hiding behavior) elicited similar behavior in neighboring locusts. The results showed that locusts' responses were significantly influenced by the robotic demonstrators, with a significant impact of the biomimetic silhouette in reducing latency duration and promoting social learning (e.g., locusts displaying hiding behavior after observing it in robotic demonstrators). Additionally, a significant impact of color patterns in triggering socially induced hiding behavior was observed, especially when the biomimetic silhouette was colored with a gregarious-like pattern. This research indicates that gregarious locusts exploit social information in specific ecological contexts, providing insights into the complex behavioral ecology and social biology of invertebrates. The proposed animal-robot interaction paradigm demonstrates the role of robots as carriers of social information to living organisms, suggesting social biorobotics as a promising approach for socio-biology investigation and environmental management.This study investigates whether gregarious *Locusta migratoria* can use social information provided by robotic demonstrators to optimize their predator avoidance behavior. Robotic demonstrators with different silhouettes and colors (biomimetic or neutral) were used to observe if their rotation on a rod (representing a hiding behavior) elicited similar behavior in neighboring locusts. The results showed that locusts' responses were significantly influenced by the robotic demonstrators, with a significant impact of the biomimetic silhouette in reducing latency duration and promoting social learning (e.g., locusts displaying hiding behavior after observing it in robotic demonstrators). Additionally, a significant impact of color patterns in triggering socially induced hiding behavior was observed, especially when the biomimetic silhouette was colored with a gregarious-like pattern. This research indicates that gregarious locusts exploit social information in specific ecological contexts, providing insights into the complex behavioral ecology and social biology of invertebrates. The proposed animal-robot interaction paradigm demonstrates the role of robots as carriers of social information to living organisms, suggesting social biorobotics as a promising approach for socio-biology investigation and environmental management.