This review explores the role of microbes in alleviating crop drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduces crop yields, with a 48% yield reduction under drought conditions. It negatively affects crop growth through reduced germination, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, biomass, and yield. Soil microbial communities respond to drought stress, and plant-microbe interactions are crucial for drought tolerance. Microbes mitigate drought stress through morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Future research should focus on characterizing specific rhizosphere microbiome species and the efficiency of rhizobacteria inoculants under drought conditions. Microbes enhance crop drought resistance by improving nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and stress tolerance mechanisms. The review highlights the importance of understanding microbial interactions with crops under drought conditions to develop sustainable strategies for improving crop resilience to drought stress.This review explores the role of microbes in alleviating crop drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduces crop yields, with a 48% yield reduction under drought conditions. It negatively affects crop growth through reduced germination, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, biomass, and yield. Soil microbial communities respond to drought stress, and plant-microbe interactions are crucial for drought tolerance. Microbes mitigate drought stress through morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Future research should focus on characterizing specific rhizosphere microbiome species and the efficiency of rhizobacteria inoculants under drought conditions. Microbes enhance crop drought resistance by improving nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and stress tolerance mechanisms. The review highlights the importance of understanding microbial interactions with crops under drought conditions to develop sustainable strategies for improving crop resilience to drought stress.