24 January 2024 | Nadine Rehfeld, Jean-Denis Brassard, Masafumi Yamazaki, Hirotaka Sakaue, Marcella Balordi, Heli Koivuluoto, Julio Mora, Jianying He, Marie-Laure Pervier, Ali Dolatabadi, Emily Asenath-Smith, Mikael Järn, Xianghui Hou and Volkmar Stenzel
This study presents a round-robin test for ice adhesion measurements conducted by 15 test facilities, with results from 13 partners summarized. The goal was to compare ice adhesion test methods using identical test surfaces to improve understanding and standardization. Test surfaces were selected for their stability and robustness, and test parameters were harmonized to minimize variability. Ice adhesion tests were conducted using different methods, including direct mechanical tests, centrifuge tests, and Mode I tests. The results showed significant variations in ice adhesion strength depending on the test method and ice type (static or impact). For example, the Primer and Standox materials showed higher ice adhesion strength compared to PUR C25 and PTFE tape. The results also highlighted the importance of test parameters, such as ice formation temperature, ice mass, and ice removal method, in influencing ice adhesion strength. The study found that different test methods and ice types led to varying results, emphasizing the need for standardized test conditions and a better understanding of the factors affecting ice adhesion. The results also showed that the use of a reference material (Standox) allowed for the calculation of adhesion reduction factors, which can help in comparing different test results. Overall, the study underscores the challenges in comparing ice adhesion measurements and the need for further research to develop standardized test methods and improve the accuracy of ice adhesion measurements.This study presents a round-robin test for ice adhesion measurements conducted by 15 test facilities, with results from 13 partners summarized. The goal was to compare ice adhesion test methods using identical test surfaces to improve understanding and standardization. Test surfaces were selected for their stability and robustness, and test parameters were harmonized to minimize variability. Ice adhesion tests were conducted using different methods, including direct mechanical tests, centrifuge tests, and Mode I tests. The results showed significant variations in ice adhesion strength depending on the test method and ice type (static or impact). For example, the Primer and Standox materials showed higher ice adhesion strength compared to PUR C25 and PTFE tape. The results also highlighted the importance of test parameters, such as ice formation temperature, ice mass, and ice removal method, in influencing ice adhesion strength. The study found that different test methods and ice types led to varying results, emphasizing the need for standardized test conditions and a better understanding of the factors affecting ice adhesion. The results also showed that the use of a reference material (Standox) allowed for the calculation of adhesion reduction factors, which can help in comparing different test results. Overall, the study underscores the challenges in comparing ice adhesion measurements and the need for further research to develop standardized test methods and improve the accuracy of ice adhesion measurements.