Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea. Researchers combined satellite imagery, vessel GPS data, and deep-learning models to map industrial vessel activities and offshore energy infrastructure globally from 2017 to 2021. They found that 72–76% of industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with much of this activity in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. Additionally, 21–30% of transport and energy vessel activity is missing from public tracking systems. Fishing decreased by 12% at the start of the pandemic but did not recover by 2021, while transport and energy activities remained stable. Offshore wind is growing rapidly, surpassing oil structures in 2021. The study highlights the scale of industrial activity in the ocean, including fishing, transport, and energy, and reveals areas with high concentrations of untracked vessels. The map also shows that Asia dominates industrial fishing, with nearly 30% of all mapped fishing vessels in China's exclusive economic zone. The study also reveals illegal fishing hotspots, such as in the western part of the Korean Peninsula. The data show that fishing activity is highly concentrated in shallow waters, with most activity in Asia. The study also shows that non-fishing vessels are more likely to be tracked, with Asia having the largest concentration of transport and energy vessels. The study also reveals changes in offshore infrastructure, with wind turbines increasing rapidly and surpassing oil structures. The study highlights the need for better monitoring of ocean industrial activities, which are growing faster than the global economy but causing environmental decline. The study provides a detailed global map of major industrial activities at sea, using satellite imagery and deep learning to identify vessels and offshore infrastructure. The study shows that over 67 million image tiles were analyzed, including SAR and optical imagery. The study also shows that vessel activity is highly concentrated in certain areas, with most activity in Asia. The study highlights the importance of monitoring ocean industrial activities to manage the growing blue economy and its environmental impact. The study also shows that the blue economy is growing faster than the global economy but is causing rapid environmental decline. The study provides a detailed global map of major industrial activities at sea, using satellite imagery and deep learning to identify vessels and offshore infrastructure. The study shows that over 67 million image tiles were analyzed, including SAR and optical imagery. The study also shows that vessel activity is highly concentrated in certain areas, with most activity in Asia. The study highlights the importance of monitoring ocean industrial activities to manage the growing blue economy and its environmental impact.Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea. Researchers combined satellite imagery, vessel GPS data, and deep-learning models to map industrial vessel activities and offshore energy infrastructure globally from 2017 to 2021. They found that 72–76% of industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with much of this activity in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. Additionally, 21–30% of transport and energy vessel activity is missing from public tracking systems. Fishing decreased by 12% at the start of the pandemic but did not recover by 2021, while transport and energy activities remained stable. Offshore wind is growing rapidly, surpassing oil structures in 2021. The study highlights the scale of industrial activity in the ocean, including fishing, transport, and energy, and reveals areas with high concentrations of untracked vessels. The map also shows that Asia dominates industrial fishing, with nearly 30% of all mapped fishing vessels in China's exclusive economic zone. The study also reveals illegal fishing hotspots, such as in the western part of the Korean Peninsula. The data show that fishing activity is highly concentrated in shallow waters, with most activity in Asia. The study also shows that non-fishing vessels are more likely to be tracked, with Asia having the largest concentration of transport and energy vessels. The study also reveals changes in offshore infrastructure, with wind turbines increasing rapidly and surpassing oil structures. The study highlights the need for better monitoring of ocean industrial activities, which are growing faster than the global economy but causing environmental decline. The study provides a detailed global map of major industrial activities at sea, using satellite imagery and deep learning to identify vessels and offshore infrastructure. The study shows that over 67 million image tiles were analyzed, including SAR and optical imagery. The study also shows that vessel activity is highly concentrated in certain areas, with most activity in Asia. The study highlights the importance of monitoring ocean industrial activities to manage the growing blue economy and its environmental impact. The study also shows that the blue economy is growing faster than the global economy but is causing rapid environmental decline. The study provides a detailed global map of major industrial activities at sea, using satellite imagery and deep learning to identify vessels and offshore infrastructure. The study shows that over 67 million image tiles were analyzed, including SAR and optical imagery. The study also shows that vessel activity is highly concentrated in certain areas, with most activity in Asia. The study highlights the importance of monitoring ocean industrial activities to manage the growing blue economy and its environmental impact.