Saturation in qualitative research: An evolutionary concept analysis

Saturation in qualitative research: An evolutionary concept analysis

2024 | Sara Rahimi, Marzieh khatooi
This study provides an evolutionary concept analysis of saturation in qualitative research. Saturation is a context-dependent, subjective process that requires detailed systematic analysis. It is used in four ways: theoretical saturation, data saturation, code or thematic saturation, and meaning saturation. The antecedents of saturation are classified into study-related and researcher-related factors, while its consequences include ensuring credibility and quality in qualitative research and saving time, energy, and budget. The concept of saturation is essential for ensuring the validity of qualitative research and optimizing resource allocation by avoiding redundant data collection. This analysis clarifies the concept of saturation, its characteristics, types, and factors influencing its attainment, offering valuable insights for qualitative researchers, postgraduate students, and instructors. The study highlights the importance of understanding saturation to ensure the quality and validity of qualitative research. It also emphasizes the need for researchers to provide clear definitions and evidence of saturation in their studies. The study contributes to the field of qualitative research methodology by clarifying the concept of saturation and its various types. Future research is needed to explore how factors associated with reaching saturation impact sample size estimation. The study concludes that saturation is a vital concept in qualitative research that allows a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under study. Researchers should articulate saturation and its type and scope in their research, and with a clear understanding of the factors that affect saturation, contribute to reducing the sample size and saving on budget and study time. The results of this study show that compliance with certain factors facilitates reaching saturation. These factors include selecting a clear and focused research objective or question, paying attention to the nature and sensitivity of the phenomenon under study in data collection, selecting information-rich samples at the beginning of data collection, and using triangulation in data collection and data analysis. It is recommended that qualitative researchers explain saturation, meaning, and how to achieve it to deal with the criticism of qualitative studies and to guarantee the validity of their study.This study provides an evolutionary concept analysis of saturation in qualitative research. Saturation is a context-dependent, subjective process that requires detailed systematic analysis. It is used in four ways: theoretical saturation, data saturation, code or thematic saturation, and meaning saturation. The antecedents of saturation are classified into study-related and researcher-related factors, while its consequences include ensuring credibility and quality in qualitative research and saving time, energy, and budget. The concept of saturation is essential for ensuring the validity of qualitative research and optimizing resource allocation by avoiding redundant data collection. This analysis clarifies the concept of saturation, its characteristics, types, and factors influencing its attainment, offering valuable insights for qualitative researchers, postgraduate students, and instructors. The study highlights the importance of understanding saturation to ensure the quality and validity of qualitative research. It also emphasizes the need for researchers to provide clear definitions and evidence of saturation in their studies. The study contributes to the field of qualitative research methodology by clarifying the concept of saturation and its various types. Future research is needed to explore how factors associated with reaching saturation impact sample size estimation. The study concludes that saturation is a vital concept in qualitative research that allows a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under study. Researchers should articulate saturation and its type and scope in their research, and with a clear understanding of the factors that affect saturation, contribute to reducing the sample size and saving on budget and study time. The results of this study show that compliance with certain factors facilitates reaching saturation. These factors include selecting a clear and focused research objective or question, paying attention to the nature and sensitivity of the phenomenon under study in data collection, selecting information-rich samples at the beginning of data collection, and using triangulation in data collection and data analysis. It is recommended that qualitative researchers explain saturation, meaning, and how to achieve it to deal with the criticism of qualitative studies and to guarantee the validity of their study.
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