Scabies is a skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into the stratum corneum, creating tunnels for feeding, laying eggs, and depositing fecal matter. It is included in the World Health Organization's roadmap for neglected tropical diseases. This review summarizes the mite's biology, disease pathogenesis, and pathological changes. The host-parasite interaction is complex, involving various mechanisms, some of which are not yet fully understood. Understanding these interactions could improve diagnostic and therapeutic options for scabies control. The mite's antigens and secondary bacterial agents may trigger immune responses and inflammatory reactions, leading to systemic changes. Scabies can cause secondary bacterial infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus and group A streptococcus, leading to severe complications like cellulitis, abscesses, and even sepsis. Scabies also has psychosocial implications, affecting sleep, quality of life, and economic burden on low-income families. The disease is more prevalent in low-resource areas and is associated with poverty and overcrowding. It can also lead to systemic changes, including oxidative stress and damage to non-dermal organs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the mite's biology and immune responses to develop better treatments and control strategies.Scabies is a skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into the stratum corneum, creating tunnels for feeding, laying eggs, and depositing fecal matter. It is included in the World Health Organization's roadmap for neglected tropical diseases. This review summarizes the mite's biology, disease pathogenesis, and pathological changes. The host-parasite interaction is complex, involving various mechanisms, some of which are not yet fully understood. Understanding these interactions could improve diagnostic and therapeutic options for scabies control. The mite's antigens and secondary bacterial agents may trigger immune responses and inflammatory reactions, leading to systemic changes. Scabies can cause secondary bacterial infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus and group A streptococcus, leading to severe complications like cellulitis, abscesses, and even sepsis. Scabies also has psychosocial implications, affecting sleep, quality of life, and economic burden on low-income families. The disease is more prevalent in low-resource areas and is associated with poverty and overcrowding. It can also lead to systemic changes, including oxidative stress and damage to non-dermal organs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the mite's biology and immune responses to develop better treatments and control strategies.