Scalable Multipartite Entanglement of Remote Rare-earth Ion Qubits

Scalable Multipartite Entanglement of Remote Rare-earth Ion Qubits

25 Feb 2024 | A. Ruskuc, C.-J. Wu, E. Green, S. L. N. Hermans, J. Choi, A. Faraon
The paper presents a scalable approach to quantum networking using frequency-erasing photon detection and adaptive, real-time quantum control. This method enables frequency-multiplexed entanglement distribution that is insensitive to optical frequency fluctuations. Single rare-earth ions, specifically ${ }^{171} \mathrm{Yb}: \mathrm{YVO}_{4}$ ions, are used as qubits due to their long spin coherence, narrow optical inhomogeneous distributions, and long photon lifetimes. The protocol involves two stages: dynamic rephasing to mitigate the effect of optical frequency fluctuations and phase compensation to eliminate residual phase differences. This approach achieves entanglement rates and fidelities limited by optical lifetimes rather than short Ramsey coherence times. The results demonstrate the practicality of this method for overcoming the limitations of non-uniformity and instability in solid-state emitters, making rare-earth ions a promising platform for future quantum networks. The paper also includes experiments on probabilistic quantum state teleportation and the generation of tripartite W states, showcasing the scalability and robustness of the protocol.The paper presents a scalable approach to quantum networking using frequency-erasing photon detection and adaptive, real-time quantum control. This method enables frequency-multiplexed entanglement distribution that is insensitive to optical frequency fluctuations. Single rare-earth ions, specifically ${ }^{171} \mathrm{Yb}: \mathrm{YVO}_{4}$ ions, are used as qubits due to their long spin coherence, narrow optical inhomogeneous distributions, and long photon lifetimes. The protocol involves two stages: dynamic rephasing to mitigate the effect of optical frequency fluctuations and phase compensation to eliminate residual phase differences. This approach achieves entanglement rates and fidelities limited by optical lifetimes rather than short Ramsey coherence times. The results demonstrate the practicality of this method for overcoming the limitations of non-uniformity and instability in solid-state emitters, making rare-earth ions a promising platform for future quantum networks. The paper also includes experiments on probabilistic quantum state teleportation and the generation of tripartite W states, showcasing the scalability and robustness of the protocol.
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