2024 | J. Xu, D. Adams, B. G. Lenardo, T. Pershing, R. L. Mannino, E. Bernard, J. Kingston, E. Mizrachi, J. Lin, R. Essig, V. Mozin, P. Kerr, A. Bernstein, and M. Tripathi
The paper reports the first direct search for the Migdal effect in liquid xenon, which predicts that nuclear recoil interactions can be accompanied by atomic ionization, enhancing sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter masses. The study uses (7.0 ± 1.6) keV nuclear recoils produced by tagged neutron scatters in a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC). Despite a background rate lower than expected signals, no significant Migdal effect was observed. The authors discuss possible explanations, including inaccuracies in the Migdal rate or signal response in liquid xenon. They also comment on the implications for direct dark matter searches and future Migdal characterization efforts. The experiment demonstrates low backgrounds suitable for studying the NR-induced Migdal effect, providing a path for future research.The paper reports the first direct search for the Migdal effect in liquid xenon, which predicts that nuclear recoil interactions can be accompanied by atomic ionization, enhancing sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter masses. The study uses (7.0 ± 1.6) keV nuclear recoils produced by tagged neutron scatters in a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC). Despite a background rate lower than expected signals, no significant Migdal effect was observed. The authors discuss possible explanations, including inaccuracies in the Migdal rate or signal response in liquid xenon. They also comment on the implications for direct dark matter searches and future Migdal characterization efforts. The experiment demonstrates low backgrounds suitable for studying the NR-induced Migdal effect, providing a path for future research.