The article "Self-assembly of DNA into nanoscale three-dimensional shapes" by Shawn M. Douglas, Hendrik Dietz, Tim Liedl, et al., published in Nature in 2009, describes a method for creating custom three-dimensional DNA structures using a honeycomb-pleated origami approach. The authors demonstrate the design and assembly of six specific shapes—monolith, square nut, railed bridge, genie bottle, stacked cross, and slotted cross—each with precise dimensions ranging from 10 to 100 nm. The process involves folding a scaffold strand into a honeycomb lattice of antiparallel helices, which are then connected by staple strands to form the desired shape. The folding requires a week-long thermal annealing process and specific concentrations of monovalent and divalent cations. The authors also discuss the hierarchical assembly of larger structures, such as homomultimeric linear tracks and heterotrimeric wireframe icosahedra. The study highlights the potential of this method for fabricating sophisticated nanoscale devices and explores the influence of various parameters on the folding process, including thermal ramp duration, cation concentrations, and scaffold sequence composition.The article "Self-assembly of DNA into nanoscale three-dimensional shapes" by Shawn M. Douglas, Hendrik Dietz, Tim Liedl, et al., published in Nature in 2009, describes a method for creating custom three-dimensional DNA structures using a honeycomb-pleated origami approach. The authors demonstrate the design and assembly of six specific shapes—monolith, square nut, railed bridge, genie bottle, stacked cross, and slotted cross—each with precise dimensions ranging from 10 to 100 nm. The process involves folding a scaffold strand into a honeycomb lattice of antiparallel helices, which are then connected by staple strands to form the desired shape. The folding requires a week-long thermal annealing process and specific concentrations of monovalent and divalent cations. The authors also discuss the hierarchical assembly of larger structures, such as homomultimeric linear tracks and heterotrimeric wireframe icosahedra. The study highlights the potential of this method for fabricating sophisticated nanoscale devices and explores the influence of various parameters on the folding process, including thermal ramp duration, cation concentrations, and scaffold sequence composition.