Semistructured interviewing in primary care research: a balance of relationship and rigour

Semistructured interviewing in primary care research: a balance of relationship and rigour

2019 | Melissa DeJonckheere, Lisa M Vaughn
Semistructured interviews are a common method in qualitative research, especially in health services research. This article outlines the essential skills needed to design and conduct semistructured interviews in family medicine and primary care research. These skills include determining the study's purpose and scope, identifying participants, considering ethical issues, planning logistical aspects, developing the interview guide, establishing trust and rapport, conducting the interview, memoing and reflection, analyzing the data, demonstrating the trustworthiness of the research, and presenting findings. The method allows researchers to collect open-ended data, explore participant thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, and delve deeply into personal and sensitive issues. Semistructured interviews require both a relational focus and practice in interviewing skills. Researchers should prioritize listening over talking, use clear language, and actively engage in the interview process. Despite their utility, semistructured interviews can be challenging for researchers unfamiliar with qualitative approaches. The article provides practical guidance for researchers, including novice researchers and those with limited resources, to use semistructured interviews effectively. It emphasizes the importance of a relational focus and the necessary rigor in research to ensure quality. Semistructured interviews are a powerful tool for family physicians, primary care providers, and other health services researchers to understand individuals' thoughts, beliefs, and experiences. The article also highlights the importance of ethical considerations, such as reducing harm, protecting participant information, and ensuring informed consent. It provides recommendations for the essential steps to follow in order to best implement semistructured interviews in family medicine and primary care research settings.Semistructured interviews are a common method in qualitative research, especially in health services research. This article outlines the essential skills needed to design and conduct semistructured interviews in family medicine and primary care research. These skills include determining the study's purpose and scope, identifying participants, considering ethical issues, planning logistical aspects, developing the interview guide, establishing trust and rapport, conducting the interview, memoing and reflection, analyzing the data, demonstrating the trustworthiness of the research, and presenting findings. The method allows researchers to collect open-ended data, explore participant thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, and delve deeply into personal and sensitive issues. Semistructured interviews require both a relational focus and practice in interviewing skills. Researchers should prioritize listening over talking, use clear language, and actively engage in the interview process. Despite their utility, semistructured interviews can be challenging for researchers unfamiliar with qualitative approaches. The article provides practical guidance for researchers, including novice researchers and those with limited resources, to use semistructured interviews effectively. It emphasizes the importance of a relational focus and the necessary rigor in research to ensure quality. Semistructured interviews are a powerful tool for family physicians, primary care providers, and other health services researchers to understand individuals' thoughts, beliefs, and experiences. The article also highlights the importance of ethical considerations, such as reducing harm, protecting participant information, and ensuring informed consent. It provides recommendations for the essential steps to follow in order to best implement semistructured interviews in family medicine and primary care research settings.
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