This review summarizes the current state of research on sepsis biomarkers. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by the body's response to infection, and early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving outcomes. Biomarkers are biological indicators that can help identify or rule out sepsis, assess its severity, and guide treatment decisions. However, no single biomarker has been found to be sufficiently specific or sensitive for routine clinical use. The review analyzed 3370 studies, identifying 178 different biomarkers evaluated in sepsis. Many of these biomarkers have been tested clinically, primarily as prognostic indicators, but few have been used for diagnosis. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the most widely used biomarkers, but they have limited ability to distinguish sepsis from other inflammatory conditions or predict outcomes accurately. Several biomarkers have been evaluated for their potential to diagnose sepsis, but none have demonstrated sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be routinely used. Some biomarkers, such as PCT, have been shown to be more specific than CRP, but their diagnostic accuracy remains limited. Other biomarkers, including cytokines and markers of organ dysfunction, have also been studied, but their utility in clinical practice is still under investigation. The review highlights the complexity of sepsis and the challenges in developing reliable biomarkers. While many biomarkers have been proposed, none have been proven to be consistently effective in diagnosing or predicting the outcome of sepsis. The use of biomarkers in clinical practice is still limited, and further research is needed to identify more effective and reliable biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and management.This review summarizes the current state of research on sepsis biomarkers. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by the body's response to infection, and early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving outcomes. Biomarkers are biological indicators that can help identify or rule out sepsis, assess its severity, and guide treatment decisions. However, no single biomarker has been found to be sufficiently specific or sensitive for routine clinical use. The review analyzed 3370 studies, identifying 178 different biomarkers evaluated in sepsis. Many of these biomarkers have been tested clinically, primarily as prognostic indicators, but few have been used for diagnosis. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the most widely used biomarkers, but they have limited ability to distinguish sepsis from other inflammatory conditions or predict outcomes accurately. Several biomarkers have been evaluated for their potential to diagnose sepsis, but none have demonstrated sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be routinely used. Some biomarkers, such as PCT, have been shown to be more specific than CRP, but their diagnostic accuracy remains limited. Other biomarkers, including cytokines and markers of organ dysfunction, have also been studied, but their utility in clinical practice is still under investigation. The review highlights the complexity of sepsis and the challenges in developing reliable biomarkers. While many biomarkers have been proposed, none have been proven to be consistently effective in diagnosing or predicting the outcome of sepsis. The use of biomarkers in clinical practice is still limited, and further research is needed to identify more effective and reliable biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and management.