This systematic review examines the concept, measurement, and theoretical underpinnings of servant leadership in healthcare. The review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of existing studies to understand how servant leadership influences various outcomes in healthcare settings. The study includes 55 relevant conceptual and empirical studies, revealing that servant leadership plays a crucial role in developing a committed workforce and achieving performance excellence in healthcare. The Global Servant Leadership Scale is the most commonly used measure, and social exchange theory is the dominant framework explaining the influence of servant leadership. The review also highlights the positive relationship between servant leadership and various individual and organizational outcomes, such as job satisfaction, organizational performance, and employee well-being. The findings contribute to the development of servant leadership theory and practice in healthcare, suggesting that effective implementation of servant leadership can lead to positive employee and patient outcomes. The review concludes by providing recommendations for future research, including the need to explore context-specific antecedents, mediating mechanisms, and less explored variables in healthcare.This systematic review examines the concept, measurement, and theoretical underpinnings of servant leadership in healthcare. The review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of existing studies to understand how servant leadership influences various outcomes in healthcare settings. The study includes 55 relevant conceptual and empirical studies, revealing that servant leadership plays a crucial role in developing a committed workforce and achieving performance excellence in healthcare. The Global Servant Leadership Scale is the most commonly used measure, and social exchange theory is the dominant framework explaining the influence of servant leadership. The review also highlights the positive relationship between servant leadership and various individual and organizational outcomes, such as job satisfaction, organizational performance, and employee well-being. The findings contribute to the development of servant leadership theory and practice in healthcare, suggesting that effective implementation of servant leadership can lead to positive employee and patient outcomes. The review concludes by providing recommendations for future research, including the need to explore context-specific antecedents, mediating mechanisms, and less explored variables in healthcare.