Shapiro delay measurement of a 2 solar mass neutron star

Shapiro delay measurement of a 2 solar mass neutron star

October 29, 2010 | P. Demorest, T. Pennucci, S. Ransom, M. Roberts & J. W. T. Hessels
The paper presents radio timing observations of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1614−2230, which reveal a strong Shapiro delay signature. This measurement allows for the precise inference of the pulsar's mass, which is found to be 1.97±0.04 M⊙, the highest mass measured with such certainty. The high mass rules out the presence of hyperons, bosons, or free quarks at densities comparable to nuclear saturation density. The Shapiro delay is also used to determine the mass and inclination angle of the companion, a helium-carbon-oxygen white dwarf with a mass of 0.500±0.006 M⊙ and an inclination of 89.17±0.02°. The high orbital inclination and massive WD companion result in a significantly larger Shapiro delay amplitude compared to other millisecond pulsars. The mass measurement constraints the equation of state (EOS) for neutron star matter, ruling out EOSs that predict maximum masses below 2.0 M⊙. The findings suggest that many other millisecond pulsar systems may also contain neutron stars with masses well above 1.4 M⊙.The paper presents radio timing observations of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1614−2230, which reveal a strong Shapiro delay signature. This measurement allows for the precise inference of the pulsar's mass, which is found to be 1.97±0.04 M⊙, the highest mass measured with such certainty. The high mass rules out the presence of hyperons, bosons, or free quarks at densities comparable to nuclear saturation density. The Shapiro delay is also used to determine the mass and inclination angle of the companion, a helium-carbon-oxygen white dwarf with a mass of 0.500±0.006 M⊙ and an inclination of 89.17±0.02°. The high orbital inclination and massive WD companion result in a significantly larger Shapiro delay amplitude compared to other millisecond pulsars. The mass measurement constraints the equation of state (EOS) for neutron star matter, ruling out EOSs that predict maximum masses below 2.0 M⊙. The findings suggest that many other millisecond pulsar systems may also contain neutron stars with masses well above 1.4 M⊙.
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Understanding Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star