Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the leading causes of death globally, sharing several risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. These diseases are interconnected through shared biological mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal pathways. CVD and cancer also overlap in treatment-related complications, with cancer survivors at increased risk of developing CVD. Cardiac risk factors significantly influence treatment-related cardiotoxicity. The review highlights the major epidemiologic studies and biological mechanisms linking CVD and cancer, emphasizing the importance of addressing shared risk factors for prevention and treatment. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are key risk factors for both diseases, with obesity linked to increased cancer risk and CVD progression. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as statins and NSAIDs, may play a role in cancer prevention and treatment. Lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity, and smoking, also influence both diseases. Controlling CVD risk factors can reduce cancer risk, and adherence to healthy lifestyle factors is associated with lower cancer incidence. The review underscores the need for integrated approaches to CVD and cancer prevention, considering their shared biology and risk factors.Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the leading causes of death globally, sharing several risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. These diseases are interconnected through shared biological mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal pathways. CVD and cancer also overlap in treatment-related complications, with cancer survivors at increased risk of developing CVD. Cardiac risk factors significantly influence treatment-related cardiotoxicity. The review highlights the major epidemiologic studies and biological mechanisms linking CVD and cancer, emphasizing the importance of addressing shared risk factors for prevention and treatment. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are key risk factors for both diseases, with obesity linked to increased cancer risk and CVD progression. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as statins and NSAIDs, may play a role in cancer prevention and treatment. Lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity, and smoking, also influence both diseases. Controlling CVD risk factors can reduce cancer risk, and adherence to healthy lifestyle factors is associated with lower cancer incidence. The review underscores the need for integrated approaches to CVD and cancer prevention, considering their shared biology and risk factors.