This paper discusses the calibration of radiocarbon dates for the Southern Hemisphere, emphasizing the differences in the structural form of radiocarbon calibration curves between hemispheres. The authors highlight that a fixed offset between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is not accurate due to significant temporal variations in the magnitude of the hemispheric offset. They recommend using securely dendrochronologically-dated wood from the Southern Hemisphere for calibration, particularly data from New Zealand, Chile, and South Africa. The paper outlines the recent work and points to the internationally recommended dataset for future calibration of Southern Hemisphere 14C dates. The calibration curve, SHCal04, is constructed using a random effects model to account for the varying offset over time and is valid for cal AD 1950–950 (0–1000 cal BP). The authors also discuss the uncertainty and limitations of the Southern Hemisphere calibration data, particularly in tropical and neo-tropical regions where the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) may shift, affecting atmospheric CO2 sources. The SHCal04 dataset is available for use in calibrating Southern Hemisphere measurements back to 11.0 cal kyr BP, with larger uncertainties compared to Northern Hemisphere calibrations using IntCal04.This paper discusses the calibration of radiocarbon dates for the Southern Hemisphere, emphasizing the differences in the structural form of radiocarbon calibration curves between hemispheres. The authors highlight that a fixed offset between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is not accurate due to significant temporal variations in the magnitude of the hemispheric offset. They recommend using securely dendrochronologically-dated wood from the Southern Hemisphere for calibration, particularly data from New Zealand, Chile, and South Africa. The paper outlines the recent work and points to the internationally recommended dataset for future calibration of Southern Hemisphere 14C dates. The calibration curve, SHCal04, is constructed using a random effects model to account for the varying offset over time and is valid for cal AD 1950–950 (0–1000 cal BP). The authors also discuss the uncertainty and limitations of the Southern Hemisphere calibration data, particularly in tropical and neo-tropical regions where the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) may shift, affecting atmospheric CO2 sources. The SHCal04 dataset is available for use in calibrating Southern Hemisphere measurements back to 11.0 cal kyr BP, with larger uncertainties compared to Northern Hemisphere calibrations using IntCal04.