Human activities are driving significant changes in fire regimes across diverse ecosystems globally, posing a threat to numerous animal species. This study examines the shift in fire regimes within the ranges of 129 threatened species and 415 conservation reserves in southern Australia from 1980 to 2021. The results show a decline in unburnt vegetation (≤30 years without fire) and an increase in recently burnt vegetation (≤5 years since fire) and fire frequency. The mean percentage of unburnt vegetation decreased from 61% to 36%, while the mean percentage of recently burnt vegetation increased from 20% to 35%, and mean fire frequency rose by 32%. These changes were most pronounced at high elevations, in areas with high productivity, and strong rainfall decline, particularly in southeastern Australia. The findings highlight the urgent need for management strategies that protect fire-threatened species in a warming climate, emphasizing the importance of preserving long unburnt vegetation and implementing effective fire suppression and fuel treatment programs.Human activities are driving significant changes in fire regimes across diverse ecosystems globally, posing a threat to numerous animal species. This study examines the shift in fire regimes within the ranges of 129 threatened species and 415 conservation reserves in southern Australia from 1980 to 2021. The results show a decline in unburnt vegetation (≤30 years without fire) and an increase in recently burnt vegetation (≤5 years since fire) and fire frequency. The mean percentage of unburnt vegetation decreased from 61% to 36%, while the mean percentage of recently burnt vegetation increased from 20% to 35%, and mean fire frequency rose by 32%. These changes were most pronounced at high elevations, in areas with high productivity, and strong rainfall decline, particularly in southeastern Australia. The findings highlight the urgent need for management strategies that protect fire-threatened species in a warming climate, emphasizing the importance of preserving long unburnt vegetation and implementing effective fire suppression and fuel treatment programs.