Signatures of Majorana protection in a three-site Kitaev chain

Signatures of Majorana protection in a three-site Kitaev chain

March 1, 2024 | Alberto Bordin, Chun-Xiao Liu, Tom Dvir, Francesco Zatelli, Sebastiaan L. D. ten Haaf, David van Driel, Guanzhong Wang, Nick van Loo, Jan Cornelis Wolff, Thomas van Caekenberghe, Yining Zhang, Ghada Badawy, Sasa Gazibegovic, Erik P.A.M. Bakkers, Michael Wimmer, Leo P. Kouwenhoven, and Grzegorz P. Mazur
This study investigates the protection of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in a three-site Kitaev chain, demonstrating that extending the chain from two to three sites enhances the stability of zero-energy modes against perturbations in electrochemical potentials and couplings. The research uses a quantum dot (QD) system coupled through superconducting leads and explores the effects of varying couplings and electrochemical potentials on the system's behavior. The three-site Kitaev chain is shown to exhibit greater protection against perturbations compared to the two-site configuration, with zero-energy modes remaining stable even when individual QD electrochemical potentials are varied. The study also highlights the importance of controlling couplings and electrochemical potentials to achieve robust MZM protection. The results are supported by experimental observations and numerical simulations, showing that the three-site chain provides enhanced stability against variations in couplings and electrochemical potentials. The findings suggest that longer Kitaev chains could lead to improved topological protection in QD-based systems, which is crucial for quantum computing applications. The study also addresses the limitations of two-site Kitaev chains, where MZM wavefunction overlap can lead to decoherence, and demonstrates that three-site chains offer a more robust solution. The research contributes to the development of more stable and reliable quantum computing platforms by demonstrating the potential of longer Kitaev chains for topological protection.This study investigates the protection of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in a three-site Kitaev chain, demonstrating that extending the chain from two to three sites enhances the stability of zero-energy modes against perturbations in electrochemical potentials and couplings. The research uses a quantum dot (QD) system coupled through superconducting leads and explores the effects of varying couplings and electrochemical potentials on the system's behavior. The three-site Kitaev chain is shown to exhibit greater protection against perturbations compared to the two-site configuration, with zero-energy modes remaining stable even when individual QD electrochemical potentials are varied. The study also highlights the importance of controlling couplings and electrochemical potentials to achieve robust MZM protection. The results are supported by experimental observations and numerical simulations, showing that the three-site chain provides enhanced stability against variations in couplings and electrochemical potentials. The findings suggest that longer Kitaev chains could lead to improved topological protection in QD-based systems, which is crucial for quantum computing applications. The study also addresses the limitations of two-site Kitaev chains, where MZM wavefunction overlap can lead to decoherence, and demonstrates that three-site chains offer a more robust solution. The research contributes to the development of more stable and reliable quantum computing platforms by demonstrating the potential of longer Kitaev chains for topological protection.
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