This study investigates the simultaneous optimization of the deacetylation degree (DD) and molar mass (MM) of chitosan derived from shrimp waste. The research aims to determine optimal conditions for producing chitosan with high DD and either high or low MM. The study employed a central composite design to evaluate three key parameters: NaOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, and process duration. Regression models were developed for DD and MM, and multiobjective optimization using genetic algorithms was applied to find optimal solutions. The results showed that higher NaOH concentrations and longer durations increased DD, while higher MM was achieved with higher NaOH concentrations and longer durations. Conversely, lower MM was achieved with lower NaOH concentrations and longer durations. The study identified optimal conditions for both high DD and high MM, as well as high DD and low MM. The findings suggest that NaOH concentrations around 52%, liquid-to-solid ratios of 17–18, and moderate durations (around 2 hours) are favorable for high DD and MM. For high DD and low MM, longer durations (about 3 hours), slightly lower NaOH concentrations, and very low liquid-to-solid ratios were recommended. The study highlights the importance of balancing these parameters to achieve desired chitosan properties for various applications.This study investigates the simultaneous optimization of the deacetylation degree (DD) and molar mass (MM) of chitosan derived from shrimp waste. The research aims to determine optimal conditions for producing chitosan with high DD and either high or low MM. The study employed a central composite design to evaluate three key parameters: NaOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, and process duration. Regression models were developed for DD and MM, and multiobjective optimization using genetic algorithms was applied to find optimal solutions. The results showed that higher NaOH concentrations and longer durations increased DD, while higher MM was achieved with higher NaOH concentrations and longer durations. Conversely, lower MM was achieved with lower NaOH concentrations and longer durations. The study identified optimal conditions for both high DD and high MM, as well as high DD and low MM. The findings suggest that NaOH concentrations around 52%, liquid-to-solid ratios of 17–18, and moderate durations (around 2 hours) are favorable for high DD and MM. For high DD and low MM, longer durations (about 3 hours), slightly lower NaOH concentrations, and very low liquid-to-solid ratios were recommended. The study highlights the importance of balancing these parameters to achieve desired chitosan properties for various applications.