2016 January | Angela L. Duckworth, Tamar Szabó Gendler, and James J. Gross
The article discusses the concept of self-control, emphasizing that it is not always a struggle but can be effectively managed through situational strategies. Self-control is defined as the self-initiated regulation of conflicting impulses to achieve long-term goals. The process model of self-control outlines how impulses develop over time and how situational strategies can be used to weaken undesirable impulses or strengthen desirable ones. These strategies are more effective than intrapsychic strategies because they are deployed earlier in the impulse generation process, making them more efficient in preventing undesirable actions. The article highlights examples of situational self-control, such as choosing a seat far from drinks, asking the waiter not to bring dessert, and going to the library without a cell phone. It also discusses the importance of manipulating one's environment to minimize the internal struggle associated with self-control. The article reviews empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of situational strategies in various domains, including substance use, eating and exercise, studying and academic work, and retirement savings. It concludes that situational strategies are particularly powerful in self-control, as they can be implemented early in the impulse generation process and have a lasting impact on behavior.The article discusses the concept of self-control, emphasizing that it is not always a struggle but can be effectively managed through situational strategies. Self-control is defined as the self-initiated regulation of conflicting impulses to achieve long-term goals. The process model of self-control outlines how impulses develop over time and how situational strategies can be used to weaken undesirable impulses or strengthen desirable ones. These strategies are more effective than intrapsychic strategies because they are deployed earlier in the impulse generation process, making them more efficient in preventing undesirable actions. The article highlights examples of situational self-control, such as choosing a seat far from drinks, asking the waiter not to bring dessert, and going to the library without a cell phone. It also discusses the importance of manipulating one's environment to minimize the internal struggle associated with self-control. The article reviews empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of situational strategies in various domains, including substance use, eating and exercise, studying and academic work, and retirement savings. It concludes that situational strategies are particularly powerful in self-control, as they can be implemented early in the impulse generation process and have a lasting impact on behavior.