Skin wound healing is a complex process involving multiple phases: inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring. The inflammatory phase is crucial for initiating the healing process, with macrophages playing a key role in clearing debris and promoting tissue repair. During the proliferative phase, epithelialization occurs through various mechanisms such as leapfrogging, lamellipodial crawling, and shuffling, with stem cells contributing to tissue regeneration. Angiogenesis is essential for wound healing, as new blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissue. The remodeling phase involves the formation of a collagenous scar, which can lead to scarring if the process is disrupted. Factors such as chronic conditions, diabetes, and infections can impair wound healing. Recent research highlights the importance of tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, and nonthermal plasma in improving wound healing outcomes. Nonthermal plasma has shown promise in decontaminating wounds and promoting epithelialization. Despite advances, many underlying pathophysiological processes remain unclear, and further research is needed to develop effective treatments for nonhealing wounds. Plasma application, particularly nonthermal plasma, has demonstrated potential in wound healing by reducing bacterial load and enhancing tissue repair. Tissue engineering approaches, including the use of scaffolds and stem cells, are being explored to promote tissue regeneration. Overall, understanding the complex interplay of cellular and molecular mechanisms is essential for improving wound healing outcomes.Skin wound healing is a complex process involving multiple phases: inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring. The inflammatory phase is crucial for initiating the healing process, with macrophages playing a key role in clearing debris and promoting tissue repair. During the proliferative phase, epithelialization occurs through various mechanisms such as leapfrogging, lamellipodial crawling, and shuffling, with stem cells contributing to tissue regeneration. Angiogenesis is essential for wound healing, as new blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissue. The remodeling phase involves the formation of a collagenous scar, which can lead to scarring if the process is disrupted. Factors such as chronic conditions, diabetes, and infections can impair wound healing. Recent research highlights the importance of tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, and nonthermal plasma in improving wound healing outcomes. Nonthermal plasma has shown promise in decontaminating wounds and promoting epithelialization. Despite advances, many underlying pathophysiological processes remain unclear, and further research is needed to develop effective treatments for nonhealing wounds. Plasma application, particularly nonthermal plasma, has demonstrated potential in wound healing by reducing bacterial load and enhancing tissue repair. Tissue engineering approaches, including the use of scaffolds and stem cells, are being explored to promote tissue regeneration. Overall, understanding the complex interplay of cellular and molecular mechanisms is essential for improving wound healing outcomes.