Skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance; new clinical applications and instrumentation

Skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance; new clinical applications and instrumentation

Received: 2 January 2024 | Accepted: 13 February 2024 | Alexander Zemtsov
This article reviews the advancements in skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) technologies, highlighting their clinical applications and instrumentation. High-frequency skin ultrasonography (HFUS) was initially developed to measure skin thickness and has since evolved to include two-dimensional (B-mode) scans for evaluating various dermatological conditions. The development of HFUS has been significantly influenced by key figures such as Alexander, Miller, and Professor Serup. Modern HFUS machines, like the Clarius L20 HD Ultra-High Frequency Linear Scanner, offer advanced features such as Doppler mode for blood vessel visualization, high-definition imaging, and telemedicine capabilities. HFUS has found new diagnostic applications, particularly in image-guided superficial radiation therapy (SRT), which has shown superior results in treating cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Additionally, HFUS is used in cosmetic procedures to prevent complications from filler injections and to monitor tumor response during SRT. In the field of cutaneous MR, Alexander Zemtsov played a pivotal role in obtaining the first skin MRI images and in vivo magnetic resonance spectra (MRS). These advancements have led to better understanding of skin lesions and have influenced insurance coverage for MRI scans of skin malignant tumors. Modern MRI machines, with strengths up to 3T, are now portable and clinically approved, enhancing their utility in various dermatological applications. The article also discusses the potential of therapeutic ultrasonography, particularly high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), in tattoo removal, wart removal, and skin rejuvenation. Furthermore, it explores the use of therapeutic magnetic fields and thermal MRI for treating brain tumors, including the development of an "onmagnetic helmet" and a Thermal MRI machine. The review concludes by emphasizing the contributions of the Editors, the Editorial Board, and the journal to these fields, highlighting the significant advancements and future potential of skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance.This article reviews the advancements in skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) technologies, highlighting their clinical applications and instrumentation. High-frequency skin ultrasonography (HFUS) was initially developed to measure skin thickness and has since evolved to include two-dimensional (B-mode) scans for evaluating various dermatological conditions. The development of HFUS has been significantly influenced by key figures such as Alexander, Miller, and Professor Serup. Modern HFUS machines, like the Clarius L20 HD Ultra-High Frequency Linear Scanner, offer advanced features such as Doppler mode for blood vessel visualization, high-definition imaging, and telemedicine capabilities. HFUS has found new diagnostic applications, particularly in image-guided superficial radiation therapy (SRT), which has shown superior results in treating cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Additionally, HFUS is used in cosmetic procedures to prevent complications from filler injections and to monitor tumor response during SRT. In the field of cutaneous MR, Alexander Zemtsov played a pivotal role in obtaining the first skin MRI images and in vivo magnetic resonance spectra (MRS). These advancements have led to better understanding of skin lesions and have influenced insurance coverage for MRI scans of skin malignant tumors. Modern MRI machines, with strengths up to 3T, are now portable and clinically approved, enhancing their utility in various dermatological applications. The article also discusses the potential of therapeutic ultrasonography, particularly high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), in tattoo removal, wart removal, and skin rejuvenation. Furthermore, it explores the use of therapeutic magnetic fields and thermal MRI for treating brain tumors, including the development of an "onmagnetic helmet" and a Thermal MRI machine. The review concludes by emphasizing the contributions of the Editors, the Editorial Board, and the journal to these fields, highlighting the significant advancements and future potential of skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance.
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[slides and audio] Skin ultrasonography and magnetic resonance%3B new clinical applications and instrumentation