This article explores the similarities and differences between commercial and social entrepreneurship, aiming to provide a systematic and effective framework for understanding and practicing social entrepreneurship. It presents a comparative analysis using a prevailing model from commercial entrepreneurship, highlighting key distinctions and commonalities between the two forms of entrepreneurship. The analysis focuses on four variables: market failure, mission, resource mobilization, and performance measurement. The article argues that while social entrepreneurship shares some elements with commercial entrepreneurship, it is distinguished by its focus on creating social value rather than personal or shareholder wealth. Social entrepreneurs face unique challenges in resource mobilization, performance measurement, and managing the relationship with stakeholders. The article also discusses the importance of strategic planning and adaptability in social entrepreneurship, as well as the role of context, people, and resources in shaping the success of social enterprises. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for a more comprehensive understanding of social entrepreneurship to develop effective theories and practices.This article explores the similarities and differences between commercial and social entrepreneurship, aiming to provide a systematic and effective framework for understanding and practicing social entrepreneurship. It presents a comparative analysis using a prevailing model from commercial entrepreneurship, highlighting key distinctions and commonalities between the two forms of entrepreneurship. The analysis focuses on four variables: market failure, mission, resource mobilization, and performance measurement. The article argues that while social entrepreneurship shares some elements with commercial entrepreneurship, it is distinguished by its focus on creating social value rather than personal or shareholder wealth. Social entrepreneurs face unique challenges in resource mobilization, performance measurement, and managing the relationship with stakeholders. The article also discusses the importance of strategic planning and adaptability in social entrepreneurship, as well as the role of context, people, and resources in shaping the success of social enterprises. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for a more comprehensive understanding of social entrepreneurship to develop effective theories and practices.