This review examines the impact of social and structural determinants of health and social injustices on obesity disparities among racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES). Key findings include: 1. **Racial and Ethnic Disparities**: Non-Hispanic Black adults and Hispanic adults have a higher risk of obesity compared to non-Hispanic white adults. Non-Hispanic Black women have the highest prevalence of obesity (57.9%) and severe obesity (19.1%). 2. **Social and Structural Determinants**: - **Neighborhood Environments**: Obesogenic neighborhood environments, such as food deserts and physical activity deserts, contribute to obesity disparities. - **Access to Treatment**: Inequities in access to obesity treatment and affordable, nutrient-dense foods exacerbate obesity disparities. - **Policies and Practices**: Structural racism and policies like redlining have led to racial and ethnic minorities living in disadvantaged neighborhoods with limited access to quality healthcare and healthy foods. 3. **Interventions**: - **Population-Based Interventions**: Effective interventions focus on improving neighborhood conditions, discouraging unhealthy food consumption, expanding access to obesity treatment, and ensuring equitable access to fruits and vegetables. - **Health Care Services**: Increasing access to obesity treatment through primary care provider training and team-based care models is crucial. - **Federal, State, and Local Policies**: Policies such as taxing sugar-sweetened beverages and expanding health insurance coverage can reduce obesity disparities. 4. **Conclusion**: - Addressing obesity disparities requires a multi-level approach that targets social and structural determinants of health and social injustices. Effective interventions are needed to reduce obesity-related health outcomes in minoritized and marginalized communities. The review emphasizes the need for equitable and evidence-based interventions to tackle obesity disparities and improve health outcomes for these vulnerable populations.This review examines the impact of social and structural determinants of health and social injustices on obesity disparities among racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES). Key findings include: 1. **Racial and Ethnic Disparities**: Non-Hispanic Black adults and Hispanic adults have a higher risk of obesity compared to non-Hispanic white adults. Non-Hispanic Black women have the highest prevalence of obesity (57.9%) and severe obesity (19.1%). 2. **Social and Structural Determinants**: - **Neighborhood Environments**: Obesogenic neighborhood environments, such as food deserts and physical activity deserts, contribute to obesity disparities. - **Access to Treatment**: Inequities in access to obesity treatment and affordable, nutrient-dense foods exacerbate obesity disparities. - **Policies and Practices**: Structural racism and policies like redlining have led to racial and ethnic minorities living in disadvantaged neighborhoods with limited access to quality healthcare and healthy foods. 3. **Interventions**: - **Population-Based Interventions**: Effective interventions focus on improving neighborhood conditions, discouraging unhealthy food consumption, expanding access to obesity treatment, and ensuring equitable access to fruits and vegetables. - **Health Care Services**: Increasing access to obesity treatment through primary care provider training and team-based care models is crucial. - **Federal, State, and Local Policies**: Policies such as taxing sugar-sweetened beverages and expanding health insurance coverage can reduce obesity disparities. 4. **Conclusion**: - Addressing obesity disparities requires a multi-level approach that targets social and structural determinants of health and social injustices. Effective interventions are needed to reduce obesity-related health outcomes in minoritized and marginalized communities. The review emphasizes the need for equitable and evidence-based interventions to tackle obesity disparities and improve health outcomes for these vulnerable populations.