Soft Tissue Facial Morphology in Growing Patients with Different Occlusal Classes

Soft Tissue Facial Morphology in Growing Patients with Different Occlusal Classes

7 October 2024 | Niccolò Cenzato, Marco Farronato, Francesco Carlo Tartaglia, Lucia Giannini, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma, Cinzia Maspero, Francesco Inchingolo
This study investigates the three-dimensional morphology of the faces of 269 growing patients with Class I and II occlusions, focusing on children aged 6 to 9 years. The analysis was conducted using a non-invasive computerized system that automatically collected facial landmarks and reconstructed three-dimensional coordinates. Sixteen cutaneous facial landmarks were collected for each participant, from which 10 angular and 15 linear measurements, as well as five direct distance rates, were derived. The mean values for each age class were calculated separately for children with bilateral Angle Class I and Class II occlusions. The results revealed notable differences in three-dimensional angular measurements between the two groups, with Class II children exhibiting more convex faces in the sagittal plane and a less prominent lower jaw compared to Class I children. However, no significant differences were observed in linear measurements, except for the lower facial height rate, which varied inconsistently across age groups between the two occlusion types. The findings highlight distinct three-dimensional facial morphological differences between children with Class I and II occlusions, emphasizing the importance of three-dimensional analysis in understanding facial morphology in growing patients with different occlusal patterns.This study investigates the three-dimensional morphology of the faces of 269 growing patients with Class I and II occlusions, focusing on children aged 6 to 9 years. The analysis was conducted using a non-invasive computerized system that automatically collected facial landmarks and reconstructed three-dimensional coordinates. Sixteen cutaneous facial landmarks were collected for each participant, from which 10 angular and 15 linear measurements, as well as five direct distance rates, were derived. The mean values for each age class were calculated separately for children with bilateral Angle Class I and Class II occlusions. The results revealed notable differences in three-dimensional angular measurements between the two groups, with Class II children exhibiting more convex faces in the sagittal plane and a less prominent lower jaw compared to Class I children. However, no significant differences were observed in linear measurements, except for the lower facial height rate, which varied inconsistently across age groups between the two occlusion types. The findings highlight distinct three-dimensional facial morphological differences between children with Class I and II occlusions, emphasizing the importance of three-dimensional analysis in understanding facial morphology in growing patients with different occlusal patterns.
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