This review explores the potential of Ayurvedic medicinal plants in the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Despite extensive research, no cure for AD exists, and current treatments are limited. The review highlights the phytochemical composition and ethnomedicinal applications of various plants, emphasizing their bioactive compounds such as lignans, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, triterpenes, sterols, and alkaloids. These compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects, which could potentially slow down or prevent the onset and progression of AD. The review also discusses the ethnopharmacological perspective, integrating traditional knowledge and indigenous practices related to AD treatment. It underscores the importance of holistic healing systems like ethnopharmacology and the wealth of traditional knowledge they offer, providing a comprehensive understanding of the potential therapeutic value of these medicinal plants. The review concludes by highlighting the multifaceted benefits of plant-based drugs in managing the complex pathophysiology of AD, including their ability to mitigate oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and inhibit the production of beta-amyloid peptides.This review explores the potential of Ayurvedic medicinal plants in the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Despite extensive research, no cure for AD exists, and current treatments are limited. The review highlights the phytochemical composition and ethnomedicinal applications of various plants, emphasizing their bioactive compounds such as lignans, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, triterpenes, sterols, and alkaloids. These compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects, which could potentially slow down or prevent the onset and progression of AD. The review also discusses the ethnopharmacological perspective, integrating traditional knowledge and indigenous practices related to AD treatment. It underscores the importance of holistic healing systems like ethnopharmacology and the wealth of traditional knowledge they offer, providing a comprehensive understanding of the potential therapeutic value of these medicinal plants. The review concludes by highlighting the multifaceted benefits of plant-based drugs in managing the complex pathophysiology of AD, including their ability to mitigate oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and inhibit the production of beta-amyloid peptides.