The study addresses the spatial patterns of Holocene temperature changes over mid-latitude Eurasia, focusing on the discrepancy between proxy-based global cooling and simulated global warming trends. Alkenone records from lakes in northeastern China and southwestern Siberia reveal contrasting temperature trends. Northeastern China shows a long-term cooling trend before 6,000 years ago, while southwestern Siberia exhibits a long-term warming trend. These findings challenge the proposed seasonality bias in proxies and highlight the need to reconsider spatial patterns in Holocene temperature changes. The results suggest that colder airmass prevailed in the interior of mid-latitude Eurasia during the early to mid-Holocene, possibly due to atmospheric responses to remnant ice sheets. The implications for terrestrial hydroclimate changes and the Holocene temperature conundrum are discussed, emphasizing the importance of spatially distributed temperature reconstructions and model simulations.The study addresses the spatial patterns of Holocene temperature changes over mid-latitude Eurasia, focusing on the discrepancy between proxy-based global cooling and simulated global warming trends. Alkenone records from lakes in northeastern China and southwestern Siberia reveal contrasting temperature trends. Northeastern China shows a long-term cooling trend before 6,000 years ago, while southwestern Siberia exhibits a long-term warming trend. These findings challenge the proposed seasonality bias in proxies and highlight the need to reconsider spatial patterns in Holocene temperature changes. The results suggest that colder airmass prevailed in the interior of mid-latitude Eurasia during the early to mid-Holocene, possibly due to atmospheric responses to remnant ice sheets. The implications for terrestrial hydroclimate changes and the Holocene temperature conundrum are discussed, emphasizing the importance of spatially distributed temperature reconstructions and model simulations.