This study investigates the geographical patterns of selected soil and herb layer features in central and north European Scots pine forests. The research area spans from 70.15°N (Norway) to 50.35°N (Poland) and from 12.02°E (Sweden) to 33.6°E (Russia). The study focuses on the Vaccinio-Piceetia class of pine forests, which are widespread in Europe. The research examines the relationships between geographical location, soil properties, and vegetation characteristics such as species richness, herb layer biomass, and moss layer biomass. Key findings include a north-south increase in vascular plant species in the herb layer, with higher species richness in eastern and southern regions. The herb layer biomass shows no significant geographical correlation but is divided into two regions: central Scandinavia with high biomass and the rest with lower biomass. The standard deviation of herb layer biomass increases from south to north, indicating greater spatial heterogeneity. Moss layer biomass is higher in the north and east, with lower variability at lower latitudes. The standard deviation of moss biomass also increases with latitude, but this pattern is less pronounced north of 55°N. Soil properties such as hydrolytic acidity and base saturation show varying spatial patterns, with no significant correlation with latitude or longitude in many cases. Organic carbon content in the topsoil increases with latitude, particularly in regions between 57° and 67°N. The study highlights the importance of local habitat factors in influencing vegetation and soil characteristics, while also identifying general geographic patterns. The research underscores the complex interplay between geographical location, soil properties, and vegetation characteristics in Scots pine forests. It reveals that while some patterns are influenced by broader climatic and geological factors, local conditions play a significant role in determining biodiversity and biomass distribution. The study contributes to understanding the ecological dynamics of forest ecosystems in central and northern Europe.This study investigates the geographical patterns of selected soil and herb layer features in central and north European Scots pine forests. The research area spans from 70.15°N (Norway) to 50.35°N (Poland) and from 12.02°E (Sweden) to 33.6°E (Russia). The study focuses on the Vaccinio-Piceetia class of pine forests, which are widespread in Europe. The research examines the relationships between geographical location, soil properties, and vegetation characteristics such as species richness, herb layer biomass, and moss layer biomass. Key findings include a north-south increase in vascular plant species in the herb layer, with higher species richness in eastern and southern regions. The herb layer biomass shows no significant geographical correlation but is divided into two regions: central Scandinavia with high biomass and the rest with lower biomass. The standard deviation of herb layer biomass increases from south to north, indicating greater spatial heterogeneity. Moss layer biomass is higher in the north and east, with lower variability at lower latitudes. The standard deviation of moss biomass also increases with latitude, but this pattern is less pronounced north of 55°N. Soil properties such as hydrolytic acidity and base saturation show varying spatial patterns, with no significant correlation with latitude or longitude in many cases. Organic carbon content in the topsoil increases with latitude, particularly in regions between 57° and 67°N. The study highlights the importance of local habitat factors in influencing vegetation and soil characteristics, while also identifying general geographic patterns. The research underscores the complex interplay between geographical location, soil properties, and vegetation characteristics in Scots pine forests. It reveals that while some patterns are influenced by broader climatic and geological factors, local conditions play a significant role in determining biodiversity and biomass distribution. The study contributes to understanding the ecological dynamics of forest ecosystems in central and northern Europe.