1998 | Kunihiro Seki, Masato Toyoshima, Lisa Timmons, Andrew Fire
This article presents two studies on the survival of tardigrades under extreme conditions and the use of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for genetic interference in *Caenorhabditis elegans*. The first study focuses on the ability of tardigrades to survive high hydrostatic pressure and rapid decompression, with their survival dependent on the amount of water in their bodies. The research demonstrates that tardigrades can remain viable when kept in an anhydrobiotic state, which has implications for preservation techniques. The second study describes a method for gene-specific interference in *C. elegans* by feeding them bacteria that express dsRNA. The study shows that when *C. elegans* consume bacteria expressing dsRNA, it can lead to specific genetic effects, such as reduced muscle function or sterility, depending on the gene targeted. The research uses three genes—*unc-22*, *fem-1*, and *gfp*—to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. The results show that feeding dsRNA to *C. elegans* can produce gene-specific phenotypic changes, similar to microinjection. However, the effects are reversible and do not result in permanent genetic changes. The study also highlights the potential of bacterial-mediated dsRNA delivery as a tool for genetic research, although it is less effective than direct microinjection. The findings suggest that RNA-mediated information transfer between organisms may play a role in natural ecological interactions, such as antiviral defense or symbiotic communication. The research provides insights into the mechanisms of gene regulation and the potential applications of RNA interference in biological systems.This article presents two studies on the survival of tardigrades under extreme conditions and the use of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for genetic interference in *Caenorhabditis elegans*. The first study focuses on the ability of tardigrades to survive high hydrostatic pressure and rapid decompression, with their survival dependent on the amount of water in their bodies. The research demonstrates that tardigrades can remain viable when kept in an anhydrobiotic state, which has implications for preservation techniques. The second study describes a method for gene-specific interference in *C. elegans* by feeding them bacteria that express dsRNA. The study shows that when *C. elegans* consume bacteria expressing dsRNA, it can lead to specific genetic effects, such as reduced muscle function or sterility, depending on the gene targeted. The research uses three genes—*unc-22*, *fem-1*, and *gfp*—to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. The results show that feeding dsRNA to *C. elegans* can produce gene-specific phenotypic changes, similar to microinjection. However, the effects are reversible and do not result in permanent genetic changes. The study also highlights the potential of bacterial-mediated dsRNA delivery as a tool for genetic research, although it is less effective than direct microinjection. The findings suggest that RNA-mediated information transfer between organisms may play a role in natural ecological interactions, such as antiviral defense or symbiotic communication. The research provides insights into the mechanisms of gene regulation and the potential applications of RNA interference in biological systems.