Spectroscopic Discovery of the Supernova 2003dh Associated with GRB 030329

Spectroscopic Discovery of the Supernova 2003dh Associated with GRB 030329

2003 | K. Z. Stanek, T. Matheson, P. M. Garnavich, P. Martini, P. Berlind, N. Caldwell, P. Challis, W. R. Brown, R. Schild, K. Krisciunas, M. L. Calkins, J. C. Lee, N. Hathi, R. A. Jansen, R. Windhorst, L. Echevarria, D. J. Eisenstein, B. Pindor, E. W. Olszewski, P. Harding, S. T. Holland, D. Bersier
The paper presents the spectroscopic discovery of the supernova SN 2003dh associated with the Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) 030329. Observations of the afterglow of GRB 030329 from March 30.12 to April 8.13 revealed a power-law continuum with narrow emission lines, indicating a low redshift of z = 0.1687. However, spectra taken after April 5 showed broad peaks characteristic of a supernova. After correcting for afterglow emission, the supernova spectrum was found to be remarkably similar to the type Ic 'hypernova' SN 1998bw. This is the first direct, spectroscopic confirmation that a subset of classical gamma-ray bursts originate from supernovae. The GRB 030329 was detected by the HETE II satellite and was identified as a long burst with a duration of over 25 seconds. The optical afterglow was very bright and slowly fading, making it one of the best-observed afterglows. The redshift of the host galaxy was determined to be z = 0.1685, making GRB 030329 the second nearest burst and the classical burst with the lowest known redshift. Spectroscopic observations of the afterglow and the associated supernova were conducted using multiple telescopes. The early spectra of the afterglow showed a power-law continuum with narrow emission lines from HII regions in the host galaxy. Starting April 6, the spectra showed the development of broad peaks characteristic of a supernova. The supernova spectrum was found to be similar to SN 1998bw, with a broad feature around 4400 Å. This is likely due to higher expansion velocities in the 1998bw and GRB 030329 supernovae compared to other events. The study provides convincing spectroscopic evidence that a supernova was associated with the classical gamma-ray burst 030329. The supernova spectrum was very similar to the type Ic 'hypernova' SN 1998bw, which was associated with the intrinsically weak GRB 980425. This is the first direct, spectroscopic confirmation that some and maybe all classical gamma-ray bursts originate from supernovae. The study also highlights the importance of spectroscopic observations in confirming the connection between gamma-ray bursts and supernovae.The paper presents the spectroscopic discovery of the supernova SN 2003dh associated with the Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) 030329. Observations of the afterglow of GRB 030329 from March 30.12 to April 8.13 revealed a power-law continuum with narrow emission lines, indicating a low redshift of z = 0.1687. However, spectra taken after April 5 showed broad peaks characteristic of a supernova. After correcting for afterglow emission, the supernova spectrum was found to be remarkably similar to the type Ic 'hypernova' SN 1998bw. This is the first direct, spectroscopic confirmation that a subset of classical gamma-ray bursts originate from supernovae. The GRB 030329 was detected by the HETE II satellite and was identified as a long burst with a duration of over 25 seconds. The optical afterglow was very bright and slowly fading, making it one of the best-observed afterglows. The redshift of the host galaxy was determined to be z = 0.1685, making GRB 030329 the second nearest burst and the classical burst with the lowest known redshift. Spectroscopic observations of the afterglow and the associated supernova were conducted using multiple telescopes. The early spectra of the afterglow showed a power-law continuum with narrow emission lines from HII regions in the host galaxy. Starting April 6, the spectra showed the development of broad peaks characteristic of a supernova. The supernova spectrum was found to be similar to SN 1998bw, with a broad feature around 4400 Å. This is likely due to higher expansion velocities in the 1998bw and GRB 030329 supernovae compared to other events. The study provides convincing spectroscopic evidence that a supernova was associated with the classical gamma-ray burst 030329. The supernova spectrum was very similar to the type Ic 'hypernova' SN 1998bw, which was associated with the intrinsically weak GRB 980425. This is the first direct, spectroscopic confirmation that some and maybe all classical gamma-ray bursts originate from supernovae. The study also highlights the importance of spectroscopic observations in confirming the connection between gamma-ray bursts and supernovae.
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