| Luqiao Liu, Takahiro Moriyama, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman
This study demonstrates that the spin Hall effect (SHE) in a platinum (Pt) film can induce ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) dynamics in an adjacent permalloy (Py) film. The SHE converts a longitudinal charge current into a transverse spin current, which transfers spin angular momentum to the Py film, inducing magnetization precession. The Oersted field from the current also contributes to FMR signals, but with different symmetry. The ratio of these signals allows a quantitative determination of the spin current and the spin Hall angle.
The SHE, which arises from spin-orbit scattering, has been widely studied for its ability to generate pure spin currents from nonmagnetic sources. The spin Hall angle, defined as the ratio of spin current to charge current, has been measured in thin-film Pt with varying results. This study uses a Pt/Py bilayer film with a microwave-frequency charge current applied in the film plane. The SHE generates an oscillating transverse spin current in the Pt, which is injected into the Py, inducing an oscillating spin torque that causes magnetization precession. When the frequency and field bias satisfy the FMR condition for the Py, strong resonant precession results in a significant oscillation of the bilayer resistance due to anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). This generates a DC voltage signal, similar to the signal from spin torque-induced FMR.
The study uses a self-calibrated method to determine the spin current and spin Hall angle. The motion of the Py magnetic moment is modeled by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with the spin torque term. The FMR signals are analyzed to extract the spin current and spin Hall angle. The results show that the spin current density in the Py is proportional to the spin Hall angle, and the spin Hall angle is determined to be greater than 0.056 ± 0.005 for the Pt material. The study also compares the results with previous measurements and finds that the spin Hall angle is consistent with the value of 0.076 in the limit of a transparent Pt/Py interface. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SHE in generating spin currents and its potential for applications in spintronic devices.This study demonstrates that the spin Hall effect (SHE) in a platinum (Pt) film can induce ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) dynamics in an adjacent permalloy (Py) film. The SHE converts a longitudinal charge current into a transverse spin current, which transfers spin angular momentum to the Py film, inducing magnetization precession. The Oersted field from the current also contributes to FMR signals, but with different symmetry. The ratio of these signals allows a quantitative determination of the spin current and the spin Hall angle.
The SHE, which arises from spin-orbit scattering, has been widely studied for its ability to generate pure spin currents from nonmagnetic sources. The spin Hall angle, defined as the ratio of spin current to charge current, has been measured in thin-film Pt with varying results. This study uses a Pt/Py bilayer film with a microwave-frequency charge current applied in the film plane. The SHE generates an oscillating transverse spin current in the Pt, which is injected into the Py, inducing an oscillating spin torque that causes magnetization precession. When the frequency and field bias satisfy the FMR condition for the Py, strong resonant precession results in a significant oscillation of the bilayer resistance due to anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). This generates a DC voltage signal, similar to the signal from spin torque-induced FMR.
The study uses a self-calibrated method to determine the spin current and spin Hall angle. The motion of the Py magnetic moment is modeled by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with the spin torque term. The FMR signals are analyzed to extract the spin current and spin Hall angle. The results show that the spin current density in the Py is proportional to the spin Hall angle, and the spin Hall angle is determined to be greater than 0.056 ± 0.005 for the Pt material. The study also compares the results with previous measurements and finds that the spin Hall angle is consistent with the value of 0.076 in the limit of a transparent Pt/Py interface. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SHE in generating spin currents and its potential for applications in spintronic devices.