This review discusses the stabilization of dry phospholipid bilayers and proteins by sugars, particularly trehalose. The authors highlight the importance of sugars in maintaining the structural integrity of biological membranes and soluble proteins during dehydration, a process known as anhydrobiosis. They review the findings from various studies that demonstrate how sugars, especially disaccharides like trehalose and maltose, prevent the fusion of vesicles, maintain the fluid phase of lipids, and preserve the structure and function of proteins. The mechanisms by which sugars achieve these effects are explored, including the direct interaction between sugars and the polar head groups of phospholipids, which can alter the thermotropic phase transitions and prevent phase separations. The review also discusses the role of divalent cations, such as zinc, in enhancing the stabilization effects of sugars. Overall, the findings suggest that sugars play a crucial role in the survival of organisms and cells in the absence of water, with potential applications in biology and medicine.This review discusses the stabilization of dry phospholipid bilayers and proteins by sugars, particularly trehalose. The authors highlight the importance of sugars in maintaining the structural integrity of biological membranes and soluble proteins during dehydration, a process known as anhydrobiosis. They review the findings from various studies that demonstrate how sugars, especially disaccharides like trehalose and maltose, prevent the fusion of vesicles, maintain the fluid phase of lipids, and preserve the structure and function of proteins. The mechanisms by which sugars achieve these effects are explored, including the direct interaction between sugars and the polar head groups of phospholipids, which can alter the thermotropic phase transitions and prevent phase separations. The review also discusses the role of divalent cations, such as zinc, in enhancing the stabilization effects of sugars. Overall, the findings suggest that sugars play a crucial role in the survival of organisms and cells in the absence of water, with potential applications in biology and medicine.