The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic impacts of climate change and the costs and benefits of mitigation efforts. The review emphasizes that climate change poses significant global risks and demands urgent international action. It highlights the importance of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to mitigate these risks, with a focus on achieving stabilization levels between 450-550ppm CO₂e. The review estimates that the costs of mitigation, around 1% of global GDP by 2050, are manageable and outweigh the potential costs of inaction, which could be高达20% of global per-capita consumption. The review also discusses the economic benefits of early and strong action, including opportunities for growth and development, and the need for international cooperation to create price signals and markets for carbon, promote technology innovation, and support adaptation efforts, particularly in developing countries. The review concludes that strong, early action on climate change is both desirable and feasible, and that policy frameworks should include carbon pricing, technology policy, and the removal of barriers to behavioral change.The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic impacts of climate change and the costs and benefits of mitigation efforts. The review emphasizes that climate change poses significant global risks and demands urgent international action. It highlights the importance of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to mitigate these risks, with a focus on achieving stabilization levels between 450-550ppm CO₂e. The review estimates that the costs of mitigation, around 1% of global GDP by 2050, are manageable and outweigh the potential costs of inaction, which could be高达20% of global per-capita consumption. The review also discusses the economic benefits of early and strong action, including opportunities for growth and development, and the need for international cooperation to create price signals and markets for carbon, promote technology innovation, and support adaptation efforts, particularly in developing countries. The review concludes that strong, early action on climate change is both desirable and feasible, and that policy frameworks should include carbon pricing, technology policy, and the removal of barriers to behavioral change.