“Sticky Information” and the Locus of Problem Solving: Implications for Innovation

“Sticky Information” and the Locus of Problem Solving: Implications for Innovation

April 1994 | Eric von Hippel
This paper explores how "sticky" information—information that is costly to acquire, transfer, and use—affects the locus of innovation-related problem solving. When sticky information is held at one site, problem solving tends to occur at that site. When multiple sites of sticky information are involved, problem solving may iterate among these sites. When iteration is costly, problems may be "task partitioned" into subproblems that each draw on only one locus of sticky information. Additionally, efforts may be made to reduce the stickiness of information at some locations. Sticky information influences various issues important to researchers and practitioners, including the diffusion of information, firm specialization, the locus of innovation, and the nature of problems selected by problem solvers. The paper discusses how sticky information affects the location of problem solving, the iterative movement of problem-solving activity between sites, and the partitioning of tasks to reduce the need for iteration. It also examines how firms may invest in "unsticking" information to reduce transfer costs. The paper highlights that the stickiness of information can lead to the localization of problem-solving activities, as seen in examples such as the development of new products and the design of integrated circuits. It also discusses how the increasing accessibility of information through computer networks and user-friendly technology may change the patterns of problem-solving, allowing for more flexible and distributed innovation processes. The paper concludes that understanding information stickiness can help researchers and practitioners better manage innovation-related problem solving, and that further study of this concept could yield valuable insights into innovation processes and practices.This paper explores how "sticky" information—information that is costly to acquire, transfer, and use—affects the locus of innovation-related problem solving. When sticky information is held at one site, problem solving tends to occur at that site. When multiple sites of sticky information are involved, problem solving may iterate among these sites. When iteration is costly, problems may be "task partitioned" into subproblems that each draw on only one locus of sticky information. Additionally, efforts may be made to reduce the stickiness of information at some locations. Sticky information influences various issues important to researchers and practitioners, including the diffusion of information, firm specialization, the locus of innovation, and the nature of problems selected by problem solvers. The paper discusses how sticky information affects the location of problem solving, the iterative movement of problem-solving activity between sites, and the partitioning of tasks to reduce the need for iteration. It also examines how firms may invest in "unsticking" information to reduce transfer costs. The paper highlights that the stickiness of information can lead to the localization of problem-solving activities, as seen in examples such as the development of new products and the design of integrated circuits. It also discusses how the increasing accessibility of information through computer networks and user-friendly technology may change the patterns of problem-solving, allowing for more flexible and distributed innovation processes. The paper concludes that understanding information stickiness can help researchers and practitioners better manage innovation-related problem solving, and that further study of this concept could yield valuable insights into innovation processes and practices.
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