This review discusses the development and application of stimuli-responsive hydrogels based on natural polymers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer is a common malignancy with significant global health impact. Conventional therapies have limitations, prompting the need for innovative approaches. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels, which respond to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, ultrasound, enzymes, glucose, magnetic fields, redox, and electric fields, offer promising solutions for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications. Natural polymers like polysaccharides and polypeptides are widely used in hydrogel fabrication due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ease of modification. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can be triggered by specific cancer tissue features, enabling targeted delivery and localized drug release. These hydrogels can be designed to respond to various stimuli, including pH, glucose, redox, and enzymes, allowing for controlled drug release and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The review highlights the potential of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in breast cancer treatment, including pH-responsive, glucose-responsive, redox-responsive, enzyme-responsive, temperature-responsive, light-responsive, and ultrasonic-responsive hydrogels. These hydrogels can be tailored to respond to specific stimuli in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing drug delivery and minimizing side effects. The review also discusses the challenges and future directions in the development of these hydrogels for breast cancer treatment.This review discusses the development and application of stimuli-responsive hydrogels based on natural polymers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer is a common malignancy with significant global health impact. Conventional therapies have limitations, prompting the need for innovative approaches. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels, which respond to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, ultrasound, enzymes, glucose, magnetic fields, redox, and electric fields, offer promising solutions for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications. Natural polymers like polysaccharides and polypeptides are widely used in hydrogel fabrication due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ease of modification. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can be triggered by specific cancer tissue features, enabling targeted delivery and localized drug release. These hydrogels can be designed to respond to various stimuli, including pH, glucose, redox, and enzymes, allowing for controlled drug release and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The review highlights the potential of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in breast cancer treatment, including pH-responsive, glucose-responsive, redox-responsive, enzyme-responsive, temperature-responsive, light-responsive, and ultrasonic-responsive hydrogels. These hydrogels can be tailored to respond to specific stimuli in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing drug delivery and minimizing side effects. The review also discusses the challenges and future directions in the development of these hydrogels for breast cancer treatment.