The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the neuronal network of Caenorhabditis elegans, providing a near-complete wiring diagram based on original data and new electron micrographs. The network includes 302 neurons, with 6393 chemical synapses, 890 gap junctions, and 1410 neuromuscular junctions. The wiring diagram is self-consistent and reflects signal flow, allowing for the analysis of statistical and topological properties such as degree distributions, synaptic multiplicities, and small-world properties. The study identifies neurons that may play central roles in information processing and network motifs that could serve as functional modules. It also explores the propagation of neuronal activity in response to sensory or artificial stimulation using linear systems theory, finding several activity patterns that could serve as substrates of previously described behaviors. The interaction between the gap junction and chemical synapse networks is analyzed, and the results suggest that the C. elegans network shares statistical properties with the mammalian neocortex, indicating general principles of neuronal networks. The wiring diagram can help in understanding the mechanistic basis of behavior by generating predictions about future experiments involving genetic perturbations, laser ablations, or monitoring propagation of neuronal activity in response to stimulation. The study also characterizes signal propagation through the neuronal network and its relation to behavior, computing local properties such as the distribution of multiplicity and the number of terminals, as well as global network properties associated with the speed of signal propagation. The results suggest that the network is a small-world network, with high clustering coefficients and short path lengths. The study also identifies central neurons and analyzes the distribution of synaptic terminals, finding that the network exhibits scale-free properties. The results provide insights into the structure and function of the C. elegans neuronal network, highlighting the importance of connectivity in understanding neural function.The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the neuronal network of Caenorhabditis elegans, providing a near-complete wiring diagram based on original data and new electron micrographs. The network includes 302 neurons, with 6393 chemical synapses, 890 gap junctions, and 1410 neuromuscular junctions. The wiring diagram is self-consistent and reflects signal flow, allowing for the analysis of statistical and topological properties such as degree distributions, synaptic multiplicities, and small-world properties. The study identifies neurons that may play central roles in information processing and network motifs that could serve as functional modules. It also explores the propagation of neuronal activity in response to sensory or artificial stimulation using linear systems theory, finding several activity patterns that could serve as substrates of previously described behaviors. The interaction between the gap junction and chemical synapse networks is analyzed, and the results suggest that the C. elegans network shares statistical properties with the mammalian neocortex, indicating general principles of neuronal networks. The wiring diagram can help in understanding the mechanistic basis of behavior by generating predictions about future experiments involving genetic perturbations, laser ablations, or monitoring propagation of neuronal activity in response to stimulation. The study also characterizes signal propagation through the neuronal network and its relation to behavior, computing local properties such as the distribution of multiplicity and the number of terminals, as well as global network properties associated with the speed of signal propagation. The results suggest that the network is a small-world network, with high clustering coefficients and short path lengths. The study also identifies central neurons and analyzes the distribution of synaptic terminals, finding that the network exhibits scale-free properties. The results provide insights into the structure and function of the C. elegans neuronal network, highlighting the importance of connectivity in understanding neural function.