This book, "Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water," by John D. Hem, is a comprehensive review of the chemical, geological, and hydrologic principles and processes that control the composition of natural water. The second edition, published in 1970, updates the first edition from 1959 to reflect advancements in natural-water chemistry and water pollution control. The book aims to provide a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of natural water, including the sources of solutes, environmental factors influencing solute uptake and precipitation, and methods for analyzing and interpreting water samples. Key topics covered include the properties and structure of water, the composition of the Earth's crust, the hydrosphere, and the atmosphere. The book discusses the principles and processes that control the chemical composition of natural water, such as atomic and nuclear alterations, chemical reactions, and environmental influences. It also covers the methods for evaluating water composition, including sampling techniques, units, and terminology, as well as the interpretation of chemical analyses. The book emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of the field, integrating knowledge from geology, hydrology, and biological sciences. It provides practical guidance for hydrologists, geologists, and others interested in water quality and management. The content is designed to be accessible to those with a basic understanding of chemistry, while also offering advanced theoretical insights for specialists. The book includes numerous examples and references to current research, making it a valuable resource for both students and professionals in the field of natural-water chemistry. It highlights the importance of understanding the chemical principles and environmental factors that shape the chemical composition of natural water, and it provides tools for interpreting water-quality data and managing water resources effectively.This book, "Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water," by John D. Hem, is a comprehensive review of the chemical, geological, and hydrologic principles and processes that control the composition of natural water. The second edition, published in 1970, updates the first edition from 1959 to reflect advancements in natural-water chemistry and water pollution control. The book aims to provide a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of natural water, including the sources of solutes, environmental factors influencing solute uptake and precipitation, and methods for analyzing and interpreting water samples. Key topics covered include the properties and structure of water, the composition of the Earth's crust, the hydrosphere, and the atmosphere. The book discusses the principles and processes that control the chemical composition of natural water, such as atomic and nuclear alterations, chemical reactions, and environmental influences. It also covers the methods for evaluating water composition, including sampling techniques, units, and terminology, as well as the interpretation of chemical analyses. The book emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of the field, integrating knowledge from geology, hydrology, and biological sciences. It provides practical guidance for hydrologists, geologists, and others interested in water quality and management. The content is designed to be accessible to those with a basic understanding of chemistry, while also offering advanced theoretical insights for specialists. The book includes numerous examples and references to current research, making it a valuable resource for both students and professionals in the field of natural-water chemistry. It highlights the importance of understanding the chemical principles and environmental factors that shape the chemical composition of natural water, and it provides tools for interpreting water-quality data and managing water resources effectively.