Energy & Environmental Science is a journal that publishes high-quality research on energy and environmental science. A review article by Jayan Thomas et al. discusses the development of supercapacitor electrode materials with nanostructures ranging from 0 to 3 dimensions. Supercapacitors are important for energy storage due to their high power density, long cycle life, and ability to bridge the power/energy gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. Nanostructured electrode materials have shown superior electrochemical properties in producing high-performance supercapacitors. The review highlights the effect of nanostructures on the properties of supercapacitors, including specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycle stability, and serves as a guideline for the next generation of supercapacitor electrode design. The review discusses the broader context of energy storage, emphasizing the need for sustainable and renewable energy resources. Supercapacitors are beneficial for storing renewable energy, especially when light is not shining or wind is not blowing. Electrode materials with rational nanostructured designs have significantly improved the performance of supercapacitors over the past several years. The review aims to examine recent progress in nanostructuring supercapacitor electrode materials, highlighting the fundamental understanding of the relationship between structural properties and electrochemical performances, as well as an outlook on the next generation of nanostructured supercapacitor electrodes design. The review is divided into sections discussing 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures. 0D nanostructures include solid, hollow, and core-shell structures. Solid 0D nanostructures such as activated carbon and transition metal oxides have been widely used in supercapacitors. Hollow 0D nanostructures offer advantages such as low density, high surface-to-volume ratio, and shortened pathways for transporting both mass and charges. Core-shell 0D nanostructures combine faradaic and non-faradaic materials to offer enhanced electrical conductivity, less agglomeration, and robust chemical and mechanical stability. 1D nanostructures include nanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes. These structures provide efficient transport pathways for both electrons and ions, and have been extensively studied for the design of electrode materials for supercapacitors. 1D heterostructures, such as core-shell structures, offer synergistic improvements in intrinsic properties for better electrical conductivity, faster ionic transport, greater electrochemical reversibility, and cycle stability. The review discusses various methods for synthesizing 1D nanostructures, including template-assisted and template-free methods. 2D nanostructures include materials such as graphene and other layered van der Waals solids. 3D nanostructures include materials such as mesoporous carbon and graphene aerogel. The review highlights the importance of nanostructured designs in improving the performance of supercapacitors, including specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycle stability. The review also discusses the challenges in developing high-performance supercapacitors,Energy & Environmental Science is a journal that publishes high-quality research on energy and environmental science. A review article by Jayan Thomas et al. discusses the development of supercapacitor electrode materials with nanostructures ranging from 0 to 3 dimensions. Supercapacitors are important for energy storage due to their high power density, long cycle life, and ability to bridge the power/energy gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. Nanostructured electrode materials have shown superior electrochemical properties in producing high-performance supercapacitors. The review highlights the effect of nanostructures on the properties of supercapacitors, including specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycle stability, and serves as a guideline for the next generation of supercapacitor electrode design. The review discusses the broader context of energy storage, emphasizing the need for sustainable and renewable energy resources. Supercapacitors are beneficial for storing renewable energy, especially when light is not shining or wind is not blowing. Electrode materials with rational nanostructured designs have significantly improved the performance of supercapacitors over the past several years. The review aims to examine recent progress in nanostructuring supercapacitor electrode materials, highlighting the fundamental understanding of the relationship between structural properties and electrochemical performances, as well as an outlook on the next generation of nanostructured supercapacitor electrodes design. The review is divided into sections discussing 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures. 0D nanostructures include solid, hollow, and core-shell structures. Solid 0D nanostructures such as activated carbon and transition metal oxides have been widely used in supercapacitors. Hollow 0D nanostructures offer advantages such as low density, high surface-to-volume ratio, and shortened pathways for transporting both mass and charges. Core-shell 0D nanostructures combine faradaic and non-faradaic materials to offer enhanced electrical conductivity, less agglomeration, and robust chemical and mechanical stability. 1D nanostructures include nanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes. These structures provide efficient transport pathways for both electrons and ions, and have been extensively studied for the design of electrode materials for supercapacitors. 1D heterostructures, such as core-shell structures, offer synergistic improvements in intrinsic properties for better electrical conductivity, faster ionic transport, greater electrochemical reversibility, and cycle stability. The review discusses various methods for synthesizing 1D nanostructures, including template-assisted and template-free methods. 2D nanostructures include materials such as graphene and other layered van der Waals solids. 3D nanostructures include materials such as mesoporous carbon and graphene aerogel. The review highlights the importance of nanostructured designs in improving the performance of supercapacitors, including specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycle stability. The review also discusses the challenges in developing high-performance supercapacitors,