2 January 2024 | Subarna Rudra, Hyun Woo Seo, Subrata Sarker and Dong Min Kim
The article reviews the current status and future prospects of supercapatteries, which are hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices combining the advantages of supercapacitors (SCs) and rechargeable batteries (RBs). Supercapatteries offer high energy density like RBs and high power density and long cycle life like SCs. They utilize both non-Faradaic (electrical double-layer capacitors, EDLCs) and Faradaic (pseudocapacitors, PCs) mechanisms. EDLCs provide high power density but low energy density, while HSCs combine Faradaic processes without compromising their capacitive nature. Supercapatteries bridge the gap between SCs and RBs by integrating the merits of both. The review discusses various EES devices, their mechanisms, and design strategies. It highlights the importance of understanding the electrochemical behavior of electrode materials, including capacitive and diffusive charge storage mechanisms. The review also covers the performance evaluation of supercapatteries using Ragone plots and discusses the role of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in characterizing their properties. The article emphasizes the need for further research to develop efficient supercapatteries with improved energy and power densities, focusing on nanostructured materials and electrolytes. Supercapatteries are seen as a promising solution for energy storage applications, including electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.The article reviews the current status and future prospects of supercapatteries, which are hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices combining the advantages of supercapacitors (SCs) and rechargeable batteries (RBs). Supercapatteries offer high energy density like RBs and high power density and long cycle life like SCs. They utilize both non-Faradaic (electrical double-layer capacitors, EDLCs) and Faradaic (pseudocapacitors, PCs) mechanisms. EDLCs provide high power density but low energy density, while HSCs combine Faradaic processes without compromising their capacitive nature. Supercapatteries bridge the gap between SCs and RBs by integrating the merits of both. The review discusses various EES devices, their mechanisms, and design strategies. It highlights the importance of understanding the electrochemical behavior of electrode materials, including capacitive and diffusive charge storage mechanisms. The review also covers the performance evaluation of supercapatteries using Ragone plots and discusses the role of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in characterizing their properties. The article emphasizes the need for further research to develop efficient supercapatteries with improved energy and power densities, focusing on nanostructured materials and electrolytes. Supercapatteries are seen as a promising solution for energy storage applications, including electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.