Global cement production is the third-largest source of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, contributing about 4% of total emissions from fossil fuels. In 2016, global process emissions from cement production were 1.45 ± 0.20 GtCO₂, with cumulative emissions from 1928 to 2016 totaling 39.3 ± 2.4 GtCO₂, 66% of which occurred after 1990. Emissions in 2015 were 30% lower than those reported by the Global Carbon Project. The study assembled various datasets, prioritizing official data and emission factors, including new estimates for China and India, to present a new analysis of global process emissions from cement production. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.831455. Cement production emits CO₂ through two main processes: the decomposition of carbonates (mainly limestone) into oxides and CO₂, and the combustion of fossil fuels to generate energy. Process emissions account for about 5% of total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions excluding land-use change, while energy emissions could add another 60%. Total emissions from the cement industry could contribute up to 8% of global CO₂ emissions. Previous estimates of global cement emissions assumed a constant clinker ratio and used a fixed emission factor of 0.50 tCO₂ per ton of cement. However, recent studies have shown that clinker ratios have declined, and the use of fixed emission factors is no longer valid. The new global cement emissions database presented in this study prioritizes official data and emission factors, reducing reliance on assumptions. It is intended for use in the global carbon budget and will be updated annually with new data and methods. The study found that the global average clinker ratio has declined from approximately 0.83 in 1990 to 0.66 in 2016. China, the world's largest cement producer, has a clinker ratio below 0.60, contributing 52% of global emissions despite producing 57% of global cement. India's emissions are uncertain, but the methods used here produce results close to official estimates. The study also found that emissions from cement production in the USA, Turkey, and other countries are consistent with official data. The study highlights the importance of accurate data for estimating global CO₂ emissions from cement production. The new database improves data quality and reduces reliance on assumptions, providing a more reliable estimate of global emissions. The study also notes that data quality is significantly higher from 1990 onwards, and emissions prior to 1990 are less important in global policy debates. The study uses a Monte Carlo approach to estimate uncertainty in global cement emissions.Global cement production is the third-largest source of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, contributing about 4% of total emissions from fossil fuels. In 2016, global process emissions from cement production were 1.45 ± 0.20 GtCO₂, with cumulative emissions from 1928 to 2016 totaling 39.3 ± 2.4 GtCO₂, 66% of which occurred after 1990. Emissions in 2015 were 30% lower than those reported by the Global Carbon Project. The study assembled various datasets, prioritizing official data and emission factors, including new estimates for China and India, to present a new analysis of global process emissions from cement production. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.831455. Cement production emits CO₂ through two main processes: the decomposition of carbonates (mainly limestone) into oxides and CO₂, and the combustion of fossil fuels to generate energy. Process emissions account for about 5% of total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions excluding land-use change, while energy emissions could add another 60%. Total emissions from the cement industry could contribute up to 8% of global CO₂ emissions. Previous estimates of global cement emissions assumed a constant clinker ratio and used a fixed emission factor of 0.50 tCO₂ per ton of cement. However, recent studies have shown that clinker ratios have declined, and the use of fixed emission factors is no longer valid. The new global cement emissions database presented in this study prioritizes official data and emission factors, reducing reliance on assumptions. It is intended for use in the global carbon budget and will be updated annually with new data and methods. The study found that the global average clinker ratio has declined from approximately 0.83 in 1990 to 0.66 in 2016. China, the world's largest cement producer, has a clinker ratio below 0.60, contributing 52% of global emissions despite producing 57% of global cement. India's emissions are uncertain, but the methods used here produce results close to official estimates. The study also found that emissions from cement production in the USA, Turkey, and other countries are consistent with official data. The study highlights the importance of accurate data for estimating global CO₂ emissions from cement production. The new database improves data quality and reduces reliance on assumptions, providing a more reliable estimate of global emissions. The study also notes that data quality is significantly higher from 1990 onwards, and emissions prior to 1990 are less important in global policy debates. The study uses a Monte Carlo approach to estimate uncertainty in global cement emissions.