Suppressing Counter-Rotating Errors for Fast Single-Qubit Gates with Fluxonium

Suppressing Counter-Rotating Errors for Fast Single-Qubit Gates with Fluxonium

June 13, 2024 | David A. Rower, Leon Ding, Helin Zhang, Max Hays, Junyoung An, Patrick M. Harrington, Ilan T. Rosen, Jeffrey M. Gertler, Thomas M. Hazard, Bethany M. Niedzielski, Mollie E. Schwartz, Simon Gustavsson, Kyle Serniak, Jeffrey A. Grover, William D. Oliver
This paper presents two complementary protocols for suppressing counter-rotating errors in fast single-qubit gates using fluxonium qubits. The first protocol enables circularly polarized driving through simultaneous charge and flux control, while the second protocol, called commensurate pulses, leverages the periodic nature of counter-rotating fields to regularize their contributions to gates, achieving single-qubit gate fidelities exceeding 99.997%. These protocols are platform-independent and require no additional calibration overhead. The work establishes straightforward strategies for mitigating counter-rotating effects from strong drives in circuit QED and other platforms, which are expected to be helpful in the effort to realize high-fidelity control for fault-tolerant quantum computing. The study demonstrates the generation of arbitrarily polarized microwave drives, showing that the Rabi frequency depends on the relative phase between charge and flux drives. The results confirm the circuit QED analogy to optical polarization and that the two drive lines truly couple to the qubit through canonically conjugate operators. The commensurate pulse approach is shown to regularize counter-rotating effects by applying pulses at periodically discrete times determined by the qubit Larmor period. This approach eliminates the counter-rotating error channel for linear drives and is platform-independent, requiring no additional calibration overhead. The paper also presents the implementation of single-qubit gates with three driving schemes: circularly polarized, purely charge, and purely flux. The results show that flux pulses performed the best, attributed to extra decoherence from system heating associated with the charge drive and the matrix element structure of the fluxonium at half-flux. The commensurate pulse technique is shown to benefit any platform where fast, resonant control is desired and counter-rotating dynamics are problematic. The study highlights the ability to mitigate coherent errors from counter-rotating terms for strong linear drives by adopting straightforward pulse-timing constraints. The results demonstrate that commensurate pulses can achieve fidelities well in excess of 99.997% for gates as short as one Larmor period.This paper presents two complementary protocols for suppressing counter-rotating errors in fast single-qubit gates using fluxonium qubits. The first protocol enables circularly polarized driving through simultaneous charge and flux control, while the second protocol, called commensurate pulses, leverages the periodic nature of counter-rotating fields to regularize their contributions to gates, achieving single-qubit gate fidelities exceeding 99.997%. These protocols are platform-independent and require no additional calibration overhead. The work establishes straightforward strategies for mitigating counter-rotating effects from strong drives in circuit QED and other platforms, which are expected to be helpful in the effort to realize high-fidelity control for fault-tolerant quantum computing. The study demonstrates the generation of arbitrarily polarized microwave drives, showing that the Rabi frequency depends on the relative phase between charge and flux drives. The results confirm the circuit QED analogy to optical polarization and that the two drive lines truly couple to the qubit through canonically conjugate operators. The commensurate pulse approach is shown to regularize counter-rotating effects by applying pulses at periodically discrete times determined by the qubit Larmor period. This approach eliminates the counter-rotating error channel for linear drives and is platform-independent, requiring no additional calibration overhead. The paper also presents the implementation of single-qubit gates with three driving schemes: circularly polarized, purely charge, and purely flux. The results show that flux pulses performed the best, attributed to extra decoherence from system heating associated with the charge drive and the matrix element structure of the fluxonium at half-flux. The commensurate pulse technique is shown to benefit any platform where fast, resonant control is desired and counter-rotating dynamics are problematic. The study highlights the ability to mitigate coherent errors from counter-rotating terms for strong linear drives by adopting straightforward pulse-timing constraints. The results demonstrate that commensurate pulses can achieve fidelities well in excess of 99.997% for gates as short as one Larmor period.
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