This review article discusses the importance of improving electrolyte-wettability at the electrode material/electrolyte interface for enhancing electrochemical energy storage performance. It summarizes advanced strategies for surface chemical modification of electrode materials to improve electrolyte-wettability, including polar atom doping by post-treatment, introducing functional groups, grafting molecular brushes, and surface coating by in situ reaction. The article details the principles, characteristics, and challenges of these strategies, and provides potential research directions for future studies. It highlights that the electrochemical interaction between electrode materials and electrolyte ions is crucial for energy storage, and that improving electrolyte-wettability can enhance charge storage, transport kinetics, and overall performance. The review also discusses the effects of different surface modification techniques on the electrochemical performance of various energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, metal-ion batteries, and metal-based batteries. It emphasizes the importance of surface chemical modification in achieving high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices, and provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research in this area. The article concludes with a discussion of the features and challenges of different surface modification strategies, and suggests future research directions for improving electrolyte-wettability through rational design of surface chemical strategies and advanced characterization methods.This review article discusses the importance of improving electrolyte-wettability at the electrode material/electrolyte interface for enhancing electrochemical energy storage performance. It summarizes advanced strategies for surface chemical modification of electrode materials to improve electrolyte-wettability, including polar atom doping by post-treatment, introducing functional groups, grafting molecular brushes, and surface coating by in situ reaction. The article details the principles, characteristics, and challenges of these strategies, and provides potential research directions for future studies. It highlights that the electrochemical interaction between electrode materials and electrolyte ions is crucial for energy storage, and that improving electrolyte-wettability can enhance charge storage, transport kinetics, and overall performance. The review also discusses the effects of different surface modification techniques on the electrochemical performance of various energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, metal-ion batteries, and metal-based batteries. It emphasizes the importance of surface chemical modification in achieving high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices, and provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research in this area. The article concludes with a discussion of the features and challenges of different surface modification strategies, and suggests future research directions for improving electrolyte-wettability through rational design of surface chemical strategies and advanced characterization methods.