This review article, authored by Lei Zhao, Yuanyou Peng, Peiyao Dou, Yuan Li, Tianqi He, and Fen Ran, focuses on the surface chemistry of electrode materials to enhance electrolyte-wettability, a critical factor in optimizing electrochemical energy storage performance. The authors discuss advanced strategies and key progresses in surface chemical modification, including polar atom doping, functional group introduction, molecular brush grafting, and surface coating. They detail the principles, characteristics, and challenges of these methods, providing insights into their effectiveness and potential applications. The review also highlights the importance of surface chemical modification in improving the electrolyte-wettability of electrode materials, which is essential for enhancing the performance of electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, metal-ion batteries, and metal-based batteries. The article concludes by outlining future research directions and potential advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte-wettability.This review article, authored by Lei Zhao, Yuanyou Peng, Peiyao Dou, Yuan Li, Tianqi He, and Fen Ran, focuses on the surface chemistry of electrode materials to enhance electrolyte-wettability, a critical factor in optimizing electrochemical energy storage performance. The authors discuss advanced strategies and key progresses in surface chemical modification, including polar atom doping, functional group introduction, molecular brush grafting, and surface coating. They detail the principles, characteristics, and challenges of these methods, providing insights into their effectiveness and potential applications. The review also highlights the importance of surface chemical modification in improving the electrolyte-wettability of electrode materials, which is essential for enhancing the performance of electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, metal-ion batteries, and metal-based batteries. The article concludes by outlining future research directions and potential advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte-wettability.