The article discusses the importance of sustainability in membrane technology, particularly in the context of membrane recycling and fabrication using recycled waste materials. It highlights the environmental and economic challenges posed by the disposal of end-of-life membrane modules, which are often incinerated or landfilled, leading to significant environmental impacts. The study advocates for the integration of sustainability concepts into membrane technology by exploring the potential of recycling membranes and using recycled waste materials for their fabrication. The article reviews various methods for membrane recycling, including regeneration, upcycling, downcycling, and re-preparation. Regeneration involves restoring the properties of membranes through chemical treatment, while upcycling aims to create new membranes with improved performance. Downcycling is used to prepare recycled membranes with lower sieving accuracy, and re-preparation involves dissolving and refabricating membranes using recovered materials. The study also examines the use of recycled waste materials, such as polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), tire rubber, keratin, and cellulose, for fabricating membranes. Key findings include the successful regeneration of PVDF-UF membranes using eco-friendly solvents, the upcycling of MF/UF membranes into NF membranes through interfacial polymerization, and the downcycling of RO membranes into NF and UF membranes using chemical oxidation. The article also highlights the potential of using recycled waste materials for membrane fabrication, such as polystyrene for flat-sheet membranes and PET for electrospun fiber membranes. These efforts contribute to reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainable membrane technology.The article discusses the importance of sustainability in membrane technology, particularly in the context of membrane recycling and fabrication using recycled waste materials. It highlights the environmental and economic challenges posed by the disposal of end-of-life membrane modules, which are often incinerated or landfilled, leading to significant environmental impacts. The study advocates for the integration of sustainability concepts into membrane technology by exploring the potential of recycling membranes and using recycled waste materials for their fabrication. The article reviews various methods for membrane recycling, including regeneration, upcycling, downcycling, and re-preparation. Regeneration involves restoring the properties of membranes through chemical treatment, while upcycling aims to create new membranes with improved performance. Downcycling is used to prepare recycled membranes with lower sieving accuracy, and re-preparation involves dissolving and refabricating membranes using recovered materials. The study also examines the use of recycled waste materials, such as polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), tire rubber, keratin, and cellulose, for fabricating membranes. Key findings include the successful regeneration of PVDF-UF membranes using eco-friendly solvents, the upcycling of MF/UF membranes into NF membranes through interfacial polymerization, and the downcycling of RO membranes into NF and UF membranes using chemical oxidation. The article also highlights the potential of using recycled waste materials for membrane fabrication, such as polystyrene for flat-sheet membranes and PET for electrospun fiber membranes. These efforts contribute to reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainable membrane technology.