The paper discusses the potential of biochar to mitigate global climate change. Biochar, a carbon-rich solid produced by pyrolysis of biomass, can sequester carbon, provide energy, and increase crop yields. The authors estimate that biochar can reduce annual net emissions of CO₂, methane, and nitrous oxide by up to 1.8 Pg CO₂-C equivalent (12% of current anthropogenic CO₂-C equivalent emissions) and total net emissions over a century by 130 Pg CO₂-C equivalent, without compromising food security, habitat, or soil conservation. Biochar's climate-mitigation potential is greater than that of bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. The study also highlights the importance of sustainable practices in biochar production to avoid negative environmental impacts and ensure the realization of its climate-mitigation benefits.The paper discusses the potential of biochar to mitigate global climate change. Biochar, a carbon-rich solid produced by pyrolysis of biomass, can sequester carbon, provide energy, and increase crop yields. The authors estimate that biochar can reduce annual net emissions of CO₂, methane, and nitrous oxide by up to 1.8 Pg CO₂-C equivalent (12% of current anthropogenic CO₂-C equivalent emissions) and total net emissions over a century by 130 Pg CO₂-C equivalent, without compromising food security, habitat, or soil conservation. Biochar's climate-mitigation potential is greater than that of bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. The study also highlights the importance of sustainable practices in biochar production to avoid negative environmental impacts and ensure the realization of its climate-mitigation benefits.