This review discusses the sustainable production of biosurfactants from secondary feedstocks, focusing on glycolipids, which are low-molecular-weight biosurfactants with high efficacy in reducing surface and interfacial tension. Glycolipids include rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids. The review highlights recent advances in glycolipid production, process optimization, and their diverse applications in bioremediation, food processing, petroleum refining, biomedical uses, and agriculture. It also examines the challenges and opportunities in utilizing secondary feedstocks for sustainable biosurfactant production. The review emphasizes the environmental benefits, economic viability, and societal advantages of integrating secondary feedstocks into biosurfactant production. The review discusses the classification of biosurfactants based on their chemical composition, focusing on glycolipids. It explores the properties, production methods, and applications of rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, and sophorolipids. The review also covers the potential of glycolipid biosurfactants in bioremediation, the food industry, the petroleum industry, and biomedical applications. It discusses the antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral activities of glycolipids, as well as their role in enhancing drug delivery and promoting plant growth. The review highlights the limitations of large-scale biosurfactant application and the opportunities and challenges in biosurfactant production, including market opportunities and the need for further research to improve production efficiency and reduce costs. The review concludes that biosurfactants offer a sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants, contributing to environmental sustainability and aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.This review discusses the sustainable production of biosurfactants from secondary feedstocks, focusing on glycolipids, which are low-molecular-weight biosurfactants with high efficacy in reducing surface and interfacial tension. Glycolipids include rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids. The review highlights recent advances in glycolipid production, process optimization, and their diverse applications in bioremediation, food processing, petroleum refining, biomedical uses, and agriculture. It also examines the challenges and opportunities in utilizing secondary feedstocks for sustainable biosurfactant production. The review emphasizes the environmental benefits, economic viability, and societal advantages of integrating secondary feedstocks into biosurfactant production. The review discusses the classification of biosurfactants based on their chemical composition, focusing on glycolipids. It explores the properties, production methods, and applications of rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, and sophorolipids. The review also covers the potential of glycolipid biosurfactants in bioremediation, the food industry, the petroleum industry, and biomedical applications. It discusses the antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral activities of glycolipids, as well as their role in enhancing drug delivery and promoting plant growth. The review highlights the limitations of large-scale biosurfactant application and the opportunities and challenges in biosurfactant production, including market opportunities and the need for further research to improve production efficiency and reduce costs. The review concludes that biosurfactants offer a sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants, contributing to environmental sustainability and aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.