Sustainable polymers from renewable resources

Sustainable polymers from renewable resources

| Yunqing Zhu1; Charles Romain2; Charlotte K. Williams1*
The article "Sustainable Polymers from Renewable Resources" by Yunqing Zhu, Charles Romain, and Charlotte K. Williams discusses the increasing use of renewable resources in polymer production, particularly monomers derived from carbon dioxide, terpenes, vegetable oils, and carbohydrates. These renewable feedstocks are used to produce a variety of sustainable materials and products, including elastomers, plastics, hydrogels, flexible electronics, resins, engineering polymers, and composites. The authors highlight the importance of efficient catalysis in producing monomers, facilitating selective polymerizations, and enabling the recycling or upcycling of waste materials. The review focuses on four main renewable resources: carbon dioxide, terpenes, vegetable oils, and carbohydrates. It discusses the challenges and opportunities in transforming these resources into polymers, emphasizing the need for high efficiency, complementary or improved properties compared to conventional polymers, and life-cycle assessment to quantify environmental benefits. Key examples include the upcycling of carbon dioxide into polymers, such as polycarbonate polyols, which can be used in polyurethane production. Terpenes, such as limonene, are transformed into polymer resins or elastomers. Vegetable oils, particularly triglycerides, are converted into polymers like polyesters and nylons. Carbohydrates, including sugars and starch, are processed into monomers and polymers, such as polylactide (PLA) and poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF). The authors also address the societal and economic considerations of using edible feedstocks and the potential environmental impacts of land use. They emphasize the importance of improving agricultural methods, utilizing waste materials, and optimizing the yield and cost of monomers. The review concludes by discussing the future prospects for sustainable polymers, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research and the potential for sustainable polymers in high-value applications.The article "Sustainable Polymers from Renewable Resources" by Yunqing Zhu, Charles Romain, and Charlotte K. Williams discusses the increasing use of renewable resources in polymer production, particularly monomers derived from carbon dioxide, terpenes, vegetable oils, and carbohydrates. These renewable feedstocks are used to produce a variety of sustainable materials and products, including elastomers, plastics, hydrogels, flexible electronics, resins, engineering polymers, and composites. The authors highlight the importance of efficient catalysis in producing monomers, facilitating selective polymerizations, and enabling the recycling or upcycling of waste materials. The review focuses on four main renewable resources: carbon dioxide, terpenes, vegetable oils, and carbohydrates. It discusses the challenges and opportunities in transforming these resources into polymers, emphasizing the need for high efficiency, complementary or improved properties compared to conventional polymers, and life-cycle assessment to quantify environmental benefits. Key examples include the upcycling of carbon dioxide into polymers, such as polycarbonate polyols, which can be used in polyurethane production. Terpenes, such as limonene, are transformed into polymer resins or elastomers. Vegetable oils, particularly triglycerides, are converted into polymers like polyesters and nylons. Carbohydrates, including sugars and starch, are processed into monomers and polymers, such as polylactide (PLA) and poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF). The authors also address the societal and economic considerations of using edible feedstocks and the potential environmental impacts of land use. They emphasize the importance of improving agricultural methods, utilizing waste materials, and optimizing the yield and cost of monomers. The review concludes by discussing the future prospects for sustainable polymers, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research and the potential for sustainable polymers in high-value applications.
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[slides and audio] Sustainable polymers from renewable resources