This study investigates the switching, explosion, and chaos of multi-wavelength soliton states in a negative dispersion passively mode-locked fiber laser. The research focuses on the internal dynamic characteristics of multi-wavelength soliton states, which are complex and under-researched. The generation of multi-wavelength soliton states involves a process from noise to oscillation and stable mode-locking. Solitons with different group velocities (GVs) can split and annihilate, affecting the generation and disappearance of three wavelengths. Positive and negative dispersion cause different GVs, leading to soliton collisions and explosions. Solitons experience phase oscillations, chaos, convergence, and separation before and after an explosion. The study uses pump power parameters to observe single-soliton oscillation, multi-wavelength solitons, and chaos in experiments and simulations, validating the relevance and reliability of the results. This work contributes to the dynamical study of multi-soliton collisions in nonlinear science and the development of chaos theory in multi-comb lasers.This study investigates the switching, explosion, and chaos of multi-wavelength soliton states in a negative dispersion passively mode-locked fiber laser. The research focuses on the internal dynamic characteristics of multi-wavelength soliton states, which are complex and under-researched. The generation of multi-wavelength soliton states involves a process from noise to oscillation and stable mode-locking. Solitons with different group velocities (GVs) can split and annihilate, affecting the generation and disappearance of three wavelengths. Positive and negative dispersion cause different GVs, leading to soliton collisions and explosions. Solitons experience phase oscillations, chaos, convergence, and separation before and after an explosion. The study uses pump power parameters to observe single-soliton oscillation, multi-wavelength solitons, and chaos in experiments and simulations, validating the relevance and reliability of the results. This work contributes to the dynamical study of multi-soliton collisions in nonlinear science and the development of chaos theory in multi-comb lasers.