Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have gained significant attention for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and resemblance to native extracellular matrix (ECM). These hydrogels can be synthesized through photoinitiated radical polymerization, allowing for controlled crosslinking and the formation of 3D structures. GelMA hydrogels exhibit excellent cell adhesion and proliferation, making them suitable for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and cell signaling studies. They can be microfabricated using various techniques, including photopatterning, micromolding, bioprinting, self-assembly, and microfluidics, to create complex architectures that mimic native tissues. Hybrid GelMA hydrogels, incorporating materials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and other polymers, further enhance their mechanical and electrical properties, making them versatile for specific biological applications. The versatility and tunability of GelMA hydrogels make them a promising material for a wide range of biomedical applications.Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have gained significant attention for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and resemblance to native extracellular matrix (ECM). These hydrogels can be synthesized through photoinitiated radical polymerization, allowing for controlled crosslinking and the formation of 3D structures. GelMA hydrogels exhibit excellent cell adhesion and proliferation, making them suitable for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and cell signaling studies. They can be microfabricated using various techniques, including photopatterning, micromolding, bioprinting, self-assembly, and microfluidics, to create complex architectures that mimic native tissues. Hybrid GelMA hydrogels, incorporating materials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and other polymers, further enhance their mechanical and electrical properties, making them versatile for specific biological applications. The versatility and tunability of GelMA hydrogels make them a promising material for a wide range of biomedical applications.